Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32715425›Full record

ReviewDiabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders2020

Effect of Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors on Endothelial Function: A Systematic Review of Preclinical Studies.

Afnan S Alshnbari, Sophie A Millar, Saoirse E O'Sullivan, Iskandar Idris

Open access · goldAbstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 59 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
59citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
8.4field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

59 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 109 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  15. Navigating the Complexities of Cancer Treatment-Induced Hypertension.Journal of cardiovascular development and disease · 2025
    Review
  16. Review
  17. Review
  18. The Role of SGLT2 Inhibitors in Atherosclerosis: A Systematic Review.Journal of community hospital internal medicine perspectives · 2025
    Review
  19. Article
  20. Observational
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Afnan S AlshnbariVascular Research Group, Division of Medical Sciences and Graduate Entry Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
Sophie A MillarVascular Research Group, Division of Medical Sciences and Graduate Entry Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
Saoirse E O'SullivanVascular Research Group, Division of Medical Sciences and Graduate Entry Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
Iskandar IdrisVascular Research Group, Division of Medical Sciences and Graduate Entry Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK. iskandar.idris@nottingham.ac.uk.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7548-8288
University of Nottingham · GB

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionWhile the beneficial effects of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors on cardiovascular and renal outcomes are recognized, their direct effects on endothelial function remain unclear. We, therefore, undertook a systematic review to evaluate the current literature in this area.

methodsElectronic databases (PubMed, EMBASE, and Medline) were systematically searched using PRISMA guidelines for studies involving the in vitro, in vivo, or ex vivo administration of SGLT-2 inhibitors to animals, vascular tissue, or vascular endothelial cells.

resultsOf 144 retrieved publications, 24 experimental studies met the inclusion criteria. Reporting of possible sources of bias were poor, making the overall risk of bias difficult to assess. Within the 24 studies, the SGLT-2 inhibitors canagliflozin, ipragliflozin, empagliflozin, dapagliflozin, tofogliflozin, and luseogliflozin were assessed as interventions. Animal model studies (n = 17) demonstrated that all SGLT-2 inhibitors prevented endothelial dysfunction and enhanced endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation in diabetic and non-diabetic models. In vitro studies (n = 9) using human endothelial cells indicated a direct anti-inflammatory effect of dapagliflozin (1-100 nM) and canagliflozin, (10 µM), while empagliflozin (1 and 10 µM) improved viability of hyperglycemic cells. Potential mechanisms of action of the SGLT-2 inhibitors include a reduction in oxidative stress, modulation of adhesion molecules and reductions in pro-inflammatory cytokines.

conclusionsPreclinical studies indicate that SGLT-2 inhibitors attenuate vascular dysfunction in preclinical models via a combination of mechanisms that appear to act independently of glucose-lowering benefits.

Indexed as

EndothelialSodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitorsSystematic reviewVascular

Identifiers

PMID32715425
PMCPMC7434811
OpenAlexW3044871294

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.