ArticleAmerican journal of ophthalmology case reports2020
Bone metastasis of retinoblastoma five years after primary treatment.
Article in American journal of ophthalmology case reports, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 9 citations in OpenAlex.
- Definition of parameters and thresholds to detect MYCN amplification in retinoblastomas.Virchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology · 2026Article
- Pro-Tumorigenic Signaling Between Small Extracellular Vesicles of Cancer Cells and Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells-An In Vitro Study.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- A Comprehensive Review of the Epidemiology, Pathophysiology, Risk Factors, and Treatment Strategies for Retinoblastoma.Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Article
- Clinical Characteristics and Image Manifestations of a Rare Retinoblastoma with a Bone Metastasis.Cancer management and research · 2022Article
- Review
- Successful Treatment of Late Isolated Bone Metastasis in a Patient with Bilateral Retinoblastoma Using an Unconventional Method.Ocular oncology and pathology · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeHistopathological, immunohistochemistry- and molecular pathology-based diagnostics to distinguish metastasis of retinoblastoma from subsequent primary malignancy in patients with heritable retinoblastoma. OBSERVATIONS: An eight year-old girl presented with tibial pain and bone lesion five years after multimodal treatment of bilateral retinoblastoma, initially clinically suspicious of osteomyelitis. Histopathological examination of bone biopsy specimen revealed a highly proliferative small blue round cell tumor mimicking Ewing's sarcoma of bone. Immunohistochemistry confirmed the diagnosis of a distant metastasis of the previous retinoblastoma. Other subsequent primary malignancies presenting as small blue round cell tumors, such as sarcomas or leukemia, were excluded by immunohistochemistry and molecular methods. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPORTANCE: In countries with early diagnosis of retinoblastoma, distant metastases of retinoblastoma are extremely rare, whereas subsequent primary malignancies are common in survivors of heritable retinoblastoma. Immunohistochemistry and molecular pathology are essential components of diagnostic pathway. In retinoblastoma patients, distant metastases including osseous lesions should be included in the differential diagnosis of small blue round cell tumors.
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