ReviewCardiac failure review2020
Levosimendan Efficacy and Safety: 20 years of SIMDAX in Clinical Use.
Review in Cardiac failure review, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Levosimendan vs. Intra-Aortic Balloon Pump in Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting: A Meta-Analysis.Brazilian journal of cardiovascular surgery · 2026Pooled it
- Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes of 1894 Women with Peripartum Cardiomyopathy Treated with and Without Levosimendan in Germany.Journal of cardiovascular development and disease · 2026Article
- Population Pharmacokinetics of Levosimendan and its Metabolites OR-1855 and OR-1896 in Critically Ill Adults, Neonates and Infants on Veno-Arterial ECMO.Clinical pharmacokinetics · 2026Observational
- Levosimendan in Cardiac Arrest (LeiCA): Protocol for a Randomized, Double-Blind, Phase II Clinical Trial.Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica · 2026Article
- Potentiating Cerebral Perfusion Normalizes Glymphatic Dynamics in Systemic Inflammation.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Prognosis and Risk Stratification of Patients with Advanced Heart Failure Followed-Up on an Outpatient Clinic.Biomedicines · 2025Article
- Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes of Patients Admitted in Cardiac Intensive Care Unit with Cardiogenic Shock: A Single-Center Study.Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Pharmacokinetics of levosimendan in critically Ill children on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: a prospective observational study.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2025Article
- Effect of levosimendan treatment in cardiac surgery: a network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2025Review
- Non-kinase off-target inhibitory activities of clinically-relevant kinase inhibitors.European journal of medicinal chemistry · 2024Review
- Cerebral Hemodynamics and Levosimendan Use in Patients with Cerebral Vasospasm and Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: An Observational Perfusion CT-Based Imaging Study.Neurocritical care · 2024Observational
- An In Vitro Investigation of the Antiproliferative and Antimetastatic Effects of Levosimendan: Potential Drug Repurposing for Cervical Cancer.Current issues in molecular biology · 2024Article
- Levosimendan, a Promising Pharmacotherapy in Cardiogenic Shock: A Comprehensive Review.European cardiology · 2024Review
- OR-1896 increases force of contraction in the isolated human atrium.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2023Article
- Understanding the Clinical Use of Levosimendan and Perspectives on its Future in Oncology.Biomolecules · 2023Review
- Levosimendan in the Treatment of Patients with Severe Septic Cardiomyopathy.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Levosimendan increases the phosphorylation state of phospholamban in the isolated human atrium.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2023Article
- Preoperative Levosimendan therapy reduces postoperative right ventricular failure in patients undergoing left ventricular assist device implantation.Interdisciplinary cardiovascular and thoracic surgery · 2023Article
- Use of Levosimendan in Patients with Advanced Heart Failure: An Update.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Review
- Association of Repetitive Dosing of Levosimendan with Reduction of NYHA Class and NT-proBNP Levels in Decompensated Heart Failure: A Retrospective Cohort Study.Drugs - real world outcomes · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
51 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Levosimendan was first approved for clinic use in 2000, when authorisation was granted by Swedish regulatory authorities for the haemodynamic stabilisation of patients with acutely decompensated chronic heart failure. In the ensuing 20 years, this distinctive inodilator, which enhances cardiac contractility through calcium sensitisation and promotes vasodilatation through the opening of adenosine triphosphate-dependent potassium channels on vascular smooth muscle cells, has been approved in more than 60 jurisdictions, including most of the countries of the European Union and Latin America. Areas of clinical application have expanded considerably and now include cardiogenic shock, takotsubo cardiomyopathy, advanced heart failure, right ventricular failure and pulmonary hypertension, cardiac surgery, critical care and emergency medicine. Levosimendan is currently in active clinical evaluation in the US. Levosimendan in IV formulation is being used as a research tool in the exploration of a wide range of cardiac and non-cardiac disease states. A levosimendan oral form is at present under evaluation in the management of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. To mark the 20 years since the advent of levosimendan in clinical use, 51 experts from 23 European countries (Austria, Belgium, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Italy, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Russia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, UK and Ukraine) contributed to this essay, which evaluates one of the relatively few drugs to have been successfully introduced into the acute heart failure arena in recent times and charts a possible development trajectory for the next 20 years.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.