ArticleBMJ open2020
Determinants of virological failure among adults on first-line highly active antiretroviral therapy at public health facilities in Kombolcha town, Northeast, Ethiopia: a case-control study.
Article in BMJ open, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 39 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Men missing from the HIV care continuum in sub-Saharan Africa: a meta-analysis and meta-synthesis.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2022Pooled it
- Seemingly Unrelated Regression Analysis of the Cost and Health-Related Quality of Life Outcomes of the REVAMP Randomized Clinical Trial.Value in health regional issues · 2023Trial
- Determinants of virologic failure among adult HIV patients on first-line antiretroviral therapy in health facilities of Awi Zone, northwest Ethiopia: a case-control study.AIDS research and therapy · 2026Article
- Clinical Outcomes of Tenofovir, Lamivudine, and Dolutegravir in Treatment-Naïve versus Treatment-Experienced HIV Patients: A Single-Center Retrospective Cohort Study in Indonesia.Infection & chemotherapy · 2026Article
- Incidence, survival, and risk factors for first-line antiretroviral therapy failure among adults on ART follow-up in health facilities in Southwest Shoa, Oromia, Ethiopia, 2023: a retrospective cohort study.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Determinants of viral load non-suppression among adult HIV positive patients on antiretroviral therapy in public health facilities in Ambo town, Ethiopia: A case-control study.SAGE open medicine · 2026Article
- Observational
- Predictors of virological outcomes in patients with HIV on antiretroviral therapy in Osogbo, Nigeria: a cross-sectional study.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Article
- Prevalence of detectable viral load and its associated factors among adult patients receiving ART in Choma District, Zambia.PloS one · 2025Article
- Prevalence of virological failure and associated factors among adult individuals on highly active antiretroviral treatment (HAART) in public health facilities at Tulu Bolo Town, Southwest Shoa, Ethiopia, 2024.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Determinants of virologic failure among adult HIV patients on first line antiretroviral treatment in Oromia, Central Ethiopia: 2022 a case-control study.AIDS research and therapy · 2024Article
- Detectable Virological Load and Associated Factors among People Living with HIV on Antiretroviral Treatment: A Retrospective Study.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Predictors of antiretroviral treatment failure to the first line therapy: a cross-sectional study among Iranian HIV-positive adults.BMC infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Virological Non-Suppression among Newly Diagnosed HIV-Positive Individuals on Dolutegravir-Based Antiretroviral Treatment in Eastern Ethiopia: Follow-Up Study.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2023Article
- Transitioning to Dolutegravir in a Programmatic Setting: Virological Outcomes and Associated Factors Among Treatment-Naive Patients With HIV-1 in the Kilombero and Ulanga Antiretroviral Cohort in Rural Tanzania.Open forum infectious diseases · 2023Article
- Machine learning to predict virological failure among HIV patients on antiretroviral therapy in the University of Gondar Comprehensive and Specialized Hospital, in Amhara Region, Ethiopia, 2022.BMC medical informatics and decision making · 2023Article
- Failure to Attain HIV Viral Suppression After Intensified Adherence Counselling-What Can We Learn About Its Factors?Infection and drug resistance · 2023Article
- The Influence of Age-Associated Comorbidities on Responses to Combination Antiretroviral Therapy Among People Living with HIV, at the ART Clinic of Jimma Medical Center, Ethiopia: A Hospital-Based Nested Case-Control Study.HIV/AIDS (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo identify determinants of virological failure among HIV-infected adults on first-line highly active antiretroviral therapy at public health facilities in Kombolcha town, Northeast, Ethiopia, in 2019.
methodsAn unmatched case-control study was conducted from April to May 2019. About 130 cases and 259 controls were selected by simple random sampling. Data were extracted from charts of patients using a structured checklist. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to identify possible factors. Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness of fit test was used to check the model. Finally, independent predictor variables of virological failure were identified based on adjusted OR (AOR) with 95% CI and a p value of 0.05.
resultsThe odds of virological failure were 2.4-fold (AOR=2.44, 95% CI 1.353 to 4.411) higher in clients aged <35 years compared with older clients, fivefold (AOR=5.00, 95% CI 2.60 to 9.63) higher in clients who did not disclose their HIV status, threefold (AOR=2.99, 95% CI 1.33 to 6.73) higher in clients with poor adherence, and 7.5-fold (AOR=7.51, 95% CI 3.98 to 14.14) higher in clients who had recent CD4 count of ≤250 cells/mm CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION: This study revealed that age, marital status, occupation, disclosure status, baseline functional status, missed clinic visit, current antiretroviral therapy regimen, adherence to treatment and recent CD4 count were significantly associated with virological failure. Therefore, adherence support should be strengthened among clients. Missed clinic visits should also be reduced, as it could help clients better adhere to treatment, and therefore boost their immunity and suppress viral replication.
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