ReviewClinical immunology (Orlando, Fla.)2020
Micronutrients as immunomodulatory tools for COVID-19 management.
Review in Clinical immunology (Orlando, Fla.), 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05630339 (Efficacy and Security of the Magnesium and Vitamin D Combination as Adjuvant Treatment of Post-COVID Syndrome. A Randomised Double-blind Clinical Trial), which is not on this map. Cited by 63 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Efficacy and Security of the Magnesium and Vitamin D Combination as Adjuvant Treatment of Post-COVID Syndrome. A Randomised Double-blind Clinical Trial
Who cites it
63 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 108 citations in OpenAlex.
- COVID-19 and Selenium Deficiency: a Systematic Review.Biological trace element research · 2022Pooled it
- COVID-19 pandemic: the delta variant, T-cell responses, and the efficacy of developing vaccines.Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.] · 2022Pooled it
- Prediction of survival odds in COVID-19 by zinc, age and selenoprotein P as composite biomarker.Redox biology · 2021Trial
- Impact of nutrition on long COVID.Sports medicine and health science · 2026Review
- The Interplay Between Nutrition and Microbiota and the Role of Probiotics and Symbiotics in Pediatric Infectious Diseases.Nutrients · 2025Review
- The Role of Vitamins, Magnesium, and Trace Elements in COVID-19 Treatment and Post-COVID-19 Rehabilitation: An Updated Overview.Current medicinal chemistry · 2025Review
- Current Trend and Outcomes on Immunonutrition in Medical and Surgical Fields: An Updated Perspective.The Malaysian journal of medical sciences : MJMS · 2024Review
- Assessment of Supplementation with Different Biomolecules in the Prevention and Treatment of COVID-19.Nutrients · 2024Review
- The Link between Inflammation, Lipid Derivatives, and Microbiota Metabolites in COVID-19 Patients: Implications on Eating Behaviors and Nutritional Status.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Cardiac Complications and COVID-19: A Review of Life-threatening Co-morbidities.Current cardiology reviews · 2024Review
- The Effects of Anti-platelets and Micronutrients in the Recovery of COVID-19 Patients: A Review.Cureus · 2023Review
- The Role of Diet and Specific Nutrients during the COVID-19 Pandemic: What Have We Learned over the Last Three Years?International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Review
- The association between vitamin D intake with inflammatory and biochemical indices and mortality in critically ill patients with COVID-19: A case-control study.Immunity, inflammation and disease · 2023Article
- Relationship between selenium status, selenoproteins and COVID-19 and other inflammatory diseases: A critical review.Journal of trace elements in medicine and biology : organ of the Society for Minerals and Trace Elements (GMS) · 2023Review
- Immune Impairment Associated with Vitamin A Deficiency: Insights from Clinical Studies and Animal Model Research.Nutrients · 2022Review
- Impact of Zinc, Vitamins C and D on Disease Prognosis among Patients with COVID-19 in Bangladesh: A Cross-Sectional Study.Nutrients · 2022Article
- Content of Essential Trace Elements in the Hair of Residents of the Caspian Region of the Republic of Kazakhstan Who Recovered from COVID-19.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- When the clock ticks wrong with COVID-19.Clinical and translational medicine · 2022Review
- The Role of Astaxanthin as a Nutraceutical in Health and Age-Related Conditions.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Role of Micronutrients and Gut Microbiota-Derived Metabolites in COVID-19 Recovery.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
3 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 6 institutions in 6 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
COVID-19 rapidly turned to a global pandemic posing lethal threats to overwhelming health care capabilities, despite its relatively low mortality rate. The clinical respiratory symptoms include dry cough, fever, anosmia, breathing difficulties, and subsequent respiratory failure. No known cure is available for COVID-19. Apart from the anti-viral strategy, the supports of immune effectors and modulation of immunosuppressive mechanisms is the rationale immunomodulation approach in COVID-19 management. Diet and nutrition are essential for healthy immunity. However, a group of micronutrients plays a dominant role in immunomodulation. The deficiency of most nutrients increases the individual susceptibility to virus infection with a tendency for severe clinical presentation. Despite a shred of evidence, the supplementation of a single nutrient is not promising in the general population. Individuals at high-risk for specific nutrient deficiencies likely benefit from supplementation. The individual dietary and nutritional status assessments are critical for determining the comprehensive actions in COVID-19.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.