Trial reportJournal of behavioral medicine2021
(No) escape from reality? Cigarette craving in virtual smoking environments.
Trial report in Journal of behavioral medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Approach-Bias Retraining and Other Training Interventions as Add-On in the Treatment of AUD Patients.Current topics in behavioral neurosciences · 2025Review
- A Qualitative Investigation of Staff Feedback on an Online Learning Module on Smoking Cessation in a German Healthcare Company.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Cue-reactivity targeted smoking cessation intervention in individuals with tobacco use disorder: a scoping review.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2023Article
- Clinical Relevance of Immersive Virtual Reality in the Assessment and Treatment of Addictive Disorders: A Systematic Review and Future Perspective.Journal of clinical medicine · 2021Review
- Virtual Reality Expands the Toolkit for Conducting Health Psychology Research.Social and personality psychology compass · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Cue-Exposure Therapy (CET) is considered an effective strategy to combat cigarette cravings and smoking relapses, but evidence is mixed. In this lab-based experimental study, we manipulated levels of realism for smoking scenarios in Virtual Environments (VE) and randomly exposed smokers and recent-quitters to one of two versions (low versus high realism) of these scenarios. Prior and after scenario exposure, valid measures of cigarette craving were obtained. Prior to exposure, we assessed nicotine dependence and smoking status (current smokers versus recent-quitter). Within-subject repeated measures analysis of covariance showed that there was an interaction of experimental condition with smoking status on cigarette craving. Amongst recent-quitters, high realistic scenarios produced stronger increases in craving than low realistic scenarios, but this effect was reversed in current smokers. It is concluded that VE technologies are a potentially relevant tool for smoking CET that warrant further exploration.
Indexed as
Identifiers
32710157What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.