Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32708498›Full record

ArticleBiomedicines2020

Increased IL-2 and Reduced TGF-β Upon T-Cell Stimulation are Associated with GM-CSF Upregulation in Multiple Immune Cell Types in Multiple Sclerosis.

Jehan Aram, Nanci Frakich, Elena Morandi, Mohammed Alrouji, Amal Samaraweera, David Onion, Ian Spendlove, Sergio L Colombo, Radu Tanasescu, Bruno Gran and 1 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Biomedicines, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
1.4field-weighted citation impact, top 18% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed, 11 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. MicroRNAs as T Lymphocyte Regulators in Multiple Sclerosis.Frontiers in molecular neuroscience · 2022
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors at 3 institutions in 4 countries.

Jehan AramDivision of Clinical Neuroscience, Section of Clinical Neurology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK.
Nanci FrakichDivision of Clinical Neuroscience, Section of Clinical Neurology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK.
Elena MorandiDivision of Clinical Neuroscience, Section of Clinical Neurology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK.
Mohammed AlroujiDivision of Clinical Neuroscience, Section of Clinical Neurology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK.ORCID 0000-0001-9645-0572
Amal SamaraweeraDivision of Clinical Neuroscience, Section of Clinical Neurology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK.
David OnionEx vivo Cancer Pharmacology Centre of Excellence, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK.
Ian SpendloveAcademic Clinical Oncology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK.
Sergio L ColomboCentre for Diabetes, Chronic Diseases, and Ageing, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham NG11 8NS, UK.ORCID 0000-0001-7360-986X
Radu TanasescuDivision of Clinical Neuroscience, Section of Clinical Neurology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK.
Bruno GranDivision of Clinical Neuroscience, Section of Clinical Neurology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK.ORCID 0000-0001-6384-2342
Cris S ConstantinescuDivision of Clinical Neuroscience, Section of Clinical Neurology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK.ORCID 0000-0003-2066-7585
University of Nottingham · GBNottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust · GBNottingham Trent University · GB

Funding

Forman Hardy Charitable Trust, University of Nottingham n/aHawler Medical University, Erbil, Iraq n/aHuman Capacity Development Programme (HCDP) Kurdistan, Iraq n/a
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is a pro-inflammatory cytokine produced by immune cells. Recent evidence suggests that GM-CSF plays an important role in multiple sclerosis (MS) pathogenesis. We investigated the expression and regulation of GM-CSF in different immune cells in MS. We also investigated the differentiation and frequency of GM-CSF-producing Th cells that do not co-express interferon (IFN)-γ or interleukin-17 (IL-17) (Th-GM cells) in MS. We found a significant increase in the percentage of GM-CSF-expressing Th cells, Th1 cells, Th-GM cells, cytotoxic T (Tc) cells, monocytes, natural killer (NK) cells, and B cells in PBMC from MS patients stimulated with T cell stimuli. Stimulated PBMC culture supernatants from MS patients contained significantly higher levels of IL-2, IL-12, IL-1β, and GM-CSF and significantly lower levels of transforming growth factor (TGF-)β. Blocking IL-2 reduced the frequency of Th-GM cells in PBMC from MS patients. The frequency of Th-GM cells differentiated in vitro from naïve CD4

Indexed as

B cellsGM-CSFhumanmonocytesMS/EAENK cellsPBMCT cells

Identifiers

PMID32708498
PMCPMC7400438
OpenAlexW3042454389

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.