ArticleMicroorganisms2020
Extracellular Vesicles in Human Preterm Colostrum Inhibit Infection by Human Cytomegalovirus In Vitro.
Article in Microorganisms, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- Current Perspective on Human Milk Derived Vesicles and Their Potential Therapeutic Use: A Scoping Review.Journal of extracellular vesicles · 2026Article
- Differential protein abundance in colostrum-derived extracellular vesicles from bovine leukemia virus-infected cattle are implicated in immune regulation and inflammation.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- The involvement of human breastmilk-derived extracellular vesicles in the development of infant atopic sensitization.Allergologie select · 2026Review
- Awareness and understanding of cytomegalovirus infection among polish pregnant women: A CASP-W cross-sectional study.Preventive medicine reports · 2026Article
- The Legacy of COVID-19 in Breast Milk: The Association of Elevated Anti-Inflammatory and Antimicrobial Proteins with Vaccination or Infection.Current issues in molecular biology · 2025Article
- Article
- Advances in the isolation and characterization of milk-derived extracellular vesicles and their functions.Frontiers in nutrition · 2024Review
- Viruses and Human Milk: Transmission or Protection?Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2023Review
- Impact of time-temperature combinations on the anti-Cytomegalovirus activity and biological components of human milk.Pediatric research · 2023Article
- Shaping infant development from the inside out: Bioactive factors in human milk.Seminars in perinatology · 2023Review
- Protein and Lipid Content of Milk Extracellular Vesicles: A Comparative Overview.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Review
- Human milk glycosaminoglycans inhibit cytomegalovirus and respiratory syncytial virus infectivity by impairing cell binding.Pediatric research · 2022Article
- The role of milk-derived exosomes in the treatment of diseases.Frontiers in genetics · 2022Review
- Extracellular Vesicles in Human Milk.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Ruminant Milk-Derived Extracellular Vesicles: A Nutritional and Therapeutic Opportunity?Nutrients · 2021Review
- The Antiviral Properties of Human Milk: A Multitude of Defence Tools from Mother Nature.Nutrients · 2021Review
- Biological Properties of Milk-Derived Extracellular Vesicles and Their Physiological Functions in Infant.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
17 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Breast milk is a complex biofluid that nourishes infants, supports their growth and protects them from diseases. However, at the same time, breastfeeding is a transmission route for human cytomegalovirus (HCMV), with preterm infants being at a great risk of congenital disease. The discrepancy between high HCMV transmission rates and the few reported cases of infants with severe clinical illness is likely due to the protective effect of breast milk. The aim of this study was to investigate the anti-HCMV activity of human preterm colostrum and clarify the role of colostrum-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs). Preterm colostrum samples were collected and the EVs were purified and characterized. The in vitro anti-HCMV activity of both colostrum and EVs was tested against HCMV, and the viral replication step inhibited by colostrum-purified EVs was examined. We investigated the putative role EV surface proteins play in impairing HCMV infection using shaving experiments and proteomic analysis. The obtained results confirmed the antiviral action of colostrum against HCMV and demonstrated a remarkable antiviral activity of colostrum-derived EVs. Furthermore, we demonstrated that EVs impair the attachment of HCMV to cells, with EV surface proteins playing a role in mediating this action. These findings contribute to clarifying the mechanisms that underlie the protective role of human colostrum against HCMV infection.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.