ReviewCancers2020
Therapeutic Strategies for Overcoming Immunotherapy Resistance Mediated by Immunosuppressive Factors of the Glioblastoma Microenvironment.
Review in Cancers, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 38 citations in OpenAlex.
- Tumor immunogenicity shapes CNS immune niches and CD8⁺ T cell fate in glioblastoma.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2026Article
- KITENIN-CCL20 axis is a potential therapeutic target for modulating immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment in glioblastoma.Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics · 2026Article
- NPLOC4 Constructs Tumor Immunosuppressive Microenvironment in Pan-cancer and Hepatocellular Carcinoma.Current medicinal chemistry · 2026Article
- The Redox-Adhesion-Exosome (RAX) Hub in Cancer: Lipid Peroxidation-Driven EMT Plasticity and Ferroptosis Defense with HNE/MDA Signaling and Lipidomic Perspectives.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Glioma tumor microenvironment and immunotherapy: past, present, and future.Biomarker research · 2025Review
- Glioblastoma multiforme: an updated overview of temozolomide resistance mechanisms and strategies to overcome resistance.Discover oncology · 2025Review
- Review
- Role and mechanisms of exercise therapy in enhancing drug treatment for glioma: a review.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Sentinels of neuroinflammation: the crucial role of myeloid cells in the pathogenesis of gliomas and neurodegenerative diseases.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2024Review
- Phagocytosis Checkpoints in Glioblastoma: CD47 and Beyond.Current issues in molecular biology · 2024Review
- An Update on the Clinical Status, Challenges, and Future Directions of Oncolytic Virotherapy for Malignant Gliomas.Current treatment options in oncology · 2024Review
- Review
- Role of Serotonergic System in Regulating Brain Tumor-Associated Neuroinflammatory Responses.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2024Article
- Dysregulation of inflammasome activation in glioma.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2023Review
- A novel anti-PD-L1/IL-15 immunocytokine overcomes resistance to PD-L1 blockade and elicits potent antitumor immunity.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2023Article
- Article
- Article
- Molecular Mechanisms of Cancer Drug Resistance: Emerging Biomarkers and Promising Targets to Overcome Tumor Progression.Cancers · 2022Article
- Challenges and Opportunities for Immunotherapeutic Intervention against Myeloid Immunosuppression in Glioblastoma.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Review
- Comprehensive characterization of TNFSF14/LIGHT with implications in prognosis and immunotherapy of human gliomas.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Various mechanisms of treatment resistance have been reported for glioblastoma (GBM) and other tumors. Resistance to immunotherapy in GBM patients may be caused by acquisition of immunosuppressive ability by tumor cells and an altered tumor microenvironment. Although novel strategies using an immune-checkpoint inhibitor (ICI), such as anti-programmed cell death-1 antibody, have been clinically proven to be effective in many types of malignant tumors, such strategies may be insufficient to prevent regrowth in recurrent GBM. The main cause of GBM recurrence may be the existence of an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment involving immunosuppressive cytokines, extracellular vesicles, chemokines produced by glioma and glioma-initiating cells, immunosuppressive cells, etc. Among these, recent research has paid attention to various immunosuppressive cells-including M2-type macrophages and myeloid-derived suppressor cells-that cause immunosuppression in GBM microenvironments. Here, we review the epidemiological features, tumor immune microenvironment, and associations between the expression of immune checkpoint molecules and the prognosis of GBM. We also reviewed various ongoing or future immunotherapies for GBM. Various strategies, such as a combination of ICI therapies, might overcome these immunosuppressive mechanisms in the GBM microenvironment.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.