ArticleJournal of medical Internet research2020
An Integrative Model for the Effectiveness of Biofeedback Interventions for Anxiety Regulation: Viewpoint.
Article in Journal of medical Internet research, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 37 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
37 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 75 citations in OpenAlex.
- Feasibility and Effectiveness of Portable/Remote Heart Rate Variability (HRV) Biofeedback Training in Treating Stress and Mental Health Difficulties: A Systematic Review.Applied psychophysiology and biofeedback · 2026Pooled it
- Interventions Based on Biofeedback Systems to Improve Workers' Psychological Well-Being, Mental Health, and Safety: Systematic Literature Review.Journal of medical Internet research · 2025Pooled it
- Virtual Reality Breathing Interventions for Mental Health: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.Applied psychophysiology and biofeedback · 2024Pooled it
- Effect of Biofeedback-Based Interventions on the Psychological Outcomes of Pediatric Populations: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Applied psychophysiology and biofeedback · 2023Pooled it
- Virtual reality biofeedback interventions for treating anxiety : A systematic review, meta-analysis and future perspective.Wiener klinische Wochenschrift · 2022Pooled it
- The Effectiveness of Brief Meditation Assisted with Cardiac Biofeedback on Interoceptive Accuracy, Sensibility and Awareness: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Applied psychophysiology and biofeedback · 2026Trial
- Feasibility of a Single-Session Electrodermal Biofeedback Intervention for State Anxiety.Applied psychophysiology and biofeedback · 2026Trial
- Effectiveness of a Biofeedback Intervention Targeting Mental and Physical Health Among College Students Through Speech and Physiology as Biomarkers Using Machine Learning: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Applied psychophysiology and biofeedback · 2024Trial
- Personalized respiratory guidance strategy via millimeter-wave radar-based breathing consistency score.Medical & biological engineering & computing · 2026Article
- Comparisons of Virtual Reality-based vs. Conventional Biofeedback for Panic Symptoms: A Randomized Controlled Study.Clinical psychopharmacology and neuroscience : the official scientific journal of the Korean College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2026Article
- Advancing Stroke Recovery Through Operant Conditioning of Corticomuscular Coherence.Restorative neurology and neuroscience · 2026Review
- Digital twin for Taekwondo athletes: integrating sports nutrition and psychological readiness using artificial intelligence.Frontiers in public health · 2026Review
- Interoceptive mechanisms of a mobile heart rate variability biofeedback app for eating disorder symptoms: Proof-of-concept findings.Eating behaviors · 2026Article
- Integrative psychological interventions for stress regulation in sport: a mini-review.Frontiers in sports and active living · 2026Review
- Digital phenotyping for assessment and prediction of interoception, chronic stress, and self-regulation in adults: a scoping review.Frontiers in digital health · 2026Review
- Holistic Care Clinic for People with Parkinson's Disease: Outcome from a Newly Developed Service.Brain sciences · 2025Article
- Virtual Reality: Challenges and Perspectives in Mental Health.Alpha psychiatry · 2025Review
- Neural Correlates of Alexithymia Based on Electroencephalogram (EEG)-A Mechanistic Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- The Psychophysiological Relaxation Effects of Essential Oil Combined with Still-Life Painting Activities on Older Adults in Taiwan During the COVID-19 Pandemic.Applied psychophysiology and biofeedback · 2025Article
- Diabetes Distress and Self-Efficacy Mediate the Relationship Between Family Function and Coping in Young and Middle-Aged Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Biofeedback has shown to be a promising tool for the treatment of anxiety; however, several theoretical as well as practical limitations have prevented widespread adaptation until now. With current technological advances and the increasing interest in the use of self-monitoring technology to improve mental health, we argue that this is an ideal time to launch a new wave of biofeedback training. In this viewpoint paper, we reflect on the current state of biofeedback training, including the more traditional techniques and mechanisms that have been thought to explain the effectiveness of biofeedback such as the integration of operant learning and meditation techniques, and the changes in interoceptive awareness and physiology. Subsequently, we propose an integrative model that includes a set of cognitive appraisals as potential determinants of adaptive trajectories within biofeedback training such as growth mindset, self-efficacy, locus of control, and threat-challenge appraisals. Finally, we present a set of detailed guidelines based on the integration of our model with the mechanics and mechanisms offered by emerging interactive technology to encourage a new phase of research and implementation using biofeedback. There is a great deal of promise for future biofeedback interventions that harness the power of wearables and video games, and that adopt a user-centered approach to help people regulate their anxiety in a way that feels engaging, personal, and meaningful.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.