ArticleSurgical and radiologic anatomy : SRA2021
Anatomical basis of a safe mini-invasive technique for lengthening of the anterior gastrocnemius aponeurosis.
Article in Surgical and radiologic anatomy : SRA, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 9 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
"Effectiveness of the Ultrasound - Guided Lengthening of the Gastrocsoleus Complex"
Effectiveness of Rehabilitation Protocol in Patients With Shortened Posterior Leg Muscles, Whether or Not Combined With Ultrasound- Guided Surgery
Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 11 citations in OpenAlex.
- Improving the Accuracy of Metatarsal Osteotomies in Minimally Invasive Foot Surgery Using a Digital Inclinometer: Preliminary Study.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Trial
- Ultrasound and Shear Wave Elastography of Lower-Limb Muscles and Aponeurotic Structures in Human Cadavers-A Scoping Review.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Gastrocnemius Recession in Recalcitrant Plantar Fasciitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Advances in Ultrasound-Guided Surgery and Artificial Intelligence Applications in Musculoskeletal Diseases.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Needle‑based gastrocnemius lengthening: a novel ultrasound‑guided noninvasive technique: part II-clinical results.Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research · 2024Article
- Knee extension contracture with fixed anterior tibia subluxation treated with PCL release and quadricepsplasty: a case report.Journal of experimental orthopaedics · 2023Article
- Anatomical considerations of US-guided carpal tunnel release in daily clinical practice.Journal of ultrasonography · 2023Article
- Needle-based gastrocnemius lengthening: a novel ultrasound-guided noninvasive technique.Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research · 2022Article
- The hallucal interphalangeal ossicle: anatomy and basis for ultrasound-guided surgical shaving.Scientific reports · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 6 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe surgical procedure itself of lengthening the gastrocnemius muscle aponeurosis is performed to treat multiple musculoskeletal, neurological and metabolical pathologies related to a gastro-soleus unit contracture such as plantar fasciitis, Achilles tendinopathy, metatarsalgia, cerebral palsy, or diabetic foot ulcerations. Therefore, the aim of our research was to prove the effectiveness and safety of a new ultrasound-guided surgery-technique for the lengthening of the anterior gastrocnemius muscle aponeurosis, the "GIAR"- technique: the gastrocnemius-intramuscular aponeurosis release. METHODS AND
resultsAn ultrasound-guided surgical GIAR on ten fresh-frozen specimens (10 donors, 8 male, 2 females, 5 left and 5 right) was performed. Exclusion criteria of the donated bodies to science were BMI above 35 (impaired ultrasound echogenicity), signs of traumas in the ankle and crural region, a history of ankle or foot ischemic vascular disorder, surgery or space-occupying mass lesions. The surgical procedures were performed by two podiatric surgeons with more than 6 years of experience in ultrasound-guided procedures. The anterior gastrocnemius muscle aponeurosis was entirely transected in 10 over 10 specimens, with a mean portal length of 2 mm (± 1 mm). The mean gain at the ankle joint ROM after the GIAR was 7.9° (± 1.1°). No damages of important anatomical structures could be found.
conclusionResults of this study indicate that our novel ultrasound-guided surgery for the lengthening of the anterior gastrocnemius muscle aponeurosis (GIAR) might be an effective and safe procedure.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.