ArticleConflict and health2020
Infectious disease outbreaks among forcibly displaced persons: an analysis of ProMED reports 1996-2016.
Article in Conflict and health, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 53 citations in OpenAlex.
- Vaccination in Forcibly Displaced, Pediatric Populations: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.JAMA network open · 2025Pooled it
- Building evidences in Public Health Emergency Preparedness ("BePHEP" Project)-a systematic review.International journal for equity in health · 2025Pooled it
- Infectious Diseases Associated with Hydrometeorological Hazards in Europe: Disaster Risk Reduction in the Context of the Climate Crisis and the Ongoing COVID-19 Pandemic.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Pooled it
- Relative contributions of public and domestic transmission domains in cholera outbreaks in displacement camps: an exploratory agent-based modeling study.Epidemiology and infection · 2026Article
- Predicting COVID-19 infection among older Syrian refugees in Lebanon: A multi-wave survey.PloS one · 2026Article
- Article
- Invasive Candidiasis in Contexts of Armed Conflict, High Violence, and Forced Displacement in Latin America and the Caribbean (2005-2025).Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Epidemiological and Molecular Surveillance of Leishmania Species among Humans, Vectors, and Dogs in a Wildland-Urban Interface of Cartagena, Colombia.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2025Article
- Internally displaced persons' ed utilization and disease patterns: A single center retrospective chart review.PloS one · 2025Article
- Intersecting realities: Exploring the nexus between armed conflicts in eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo and Global Health.One health (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2024Article
- Model-informed optimal allocation of limited resources to mitigate infectious disease outbreaks in societies at war.Journal of the Royal Society, Interface · 2024Article
- Ecological study measuring the association between conflict, environmental factors, and annual global cutaneous and mucocutaneous leishmaniasis incidence (2005-2022).PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2024Article
- Measuring preparedness to infectious diseases among people exposed to climate disasters in Cabo Delgado, Mozambique: a cross-sectional study.BMC public health · 2024Article
- The impact of conflict on infectious disease: a systematic literature review.Conflict and health · 2024Review
- Comparing the health of refugee and asylee patients with that of non-refugee immigrant and US-born patients in a large Urban clinic.BMC public health · 2023Article
- Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene (WASH) Practices and Outreach Services in Settlements for Rohingya Population in Cox's Bazar, Bangladesh, 2018-2021.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Predictors of exceeding emergency under-five mortality thresholds using small-scale survey data from humanitarian settings (1999 - 2020): considerations for measles vaccination, malnutrition, and displacement status.Archives of public health = Archives belges de sante publique · 2022Article
- Optimizing one-dose and two-dose cholera vaccine allocation in outbreak settings: A modeling study.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2022Article
- SARS-CoV-2 attack rate in reception and accommodation centres for asylum seekers during the first wave: Systematic review of outbreak media reports in Germany.Journal of migration and health · 2022Article
- Community-based surveillance in internally displaced people's camps and urban settings during a complex emergency in Yemen in 2020.Conflict and health · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe United Nations Refugee Agency (UNHCR) estimates the number of forcibly displaced people increased from 22.7 million people in 1996 to 67.7 million people in 2016. Human mobility is associated with the introduction of infectious disease pathogens. The aim of this study was to describe the range of pathogens in forcibly displaced populations over time using an informal event monitoring system.
methodsWe conducted a retrospective analysis of ProMED, a digital disease monitoring system, to identify reports of outbreak events involving forcibly displaced populations between 1996 and 2016. Number of outbreak events per year was tabulated. Each record was assessed to determine outbreak location, pathogen, origin of persons implicated in the outbreak, and suspected versus confirmed case counts.
resultsOne hundred twenty-eight independent outbreak events involving forcibly displaced populations were identified. Over 840,000 confirmed or suspected cases of infectious diseases such as measles, cholera, cutaneous leishmaniasis, dengue, and others were reported in 48 destination countries/territories. The average rate of outbreak events concerning forcibly displaced persons per total number of reports published on ProMED per year increased over time. The majority of outbreak events (63%) were due to acquisition of disease in the destination country.
conclusionThis study found that reports of outbreak events involving forcibly displaced populations have increased in ProMED. The events and outbreaks detected in this retrospective review underscore the importance of capturing displaced populations in surveillance systems for rapid detection and response.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.