Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32703701›Full record

ArticleAmerican journal of preventive medicine2020

The Impact of Social Vulnerability on COVID-19 in the U.S.: An Analysis of Spatially Varying Relationships.

Ibraheem M Karaye, Jennifer A Horney

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in American journal of preventive medicine, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 215 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
215citing papers in PubMed, 6 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

215 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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  3. What Makes Urban Communities More Resilient to COVID-19? A Systematic Review of Current Evidence.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022
    Pooled it
  4. Methods Used in the Spatial and Spatiotemporal Analysis of COVID-19 Epidemiology: A Systematic Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022
    Pooled it
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  11. Utilizing theInternational journal of environmental research and public health · 2026
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  18. Differences in life projects among adolescents in situations of social vulnerability during the COVID-19 pandemic.Psicologia, reflexao e critica : revista semestral do Departamento de Psicologia da UFRGS · 2025
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  19. Exploring the Role of Genetic Diversity and Cultural Norms in COVID-19 Vulnerability: A Global Analysis.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025
    Article
  20. [Geography and health-the example of the COVID-19 pandemic in Bremen].Bundesgesundheitsblatt, Gesundheitsforschung, Gesundheitsschutz · 2025
    Article

155 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Ibraheem M KarayeProgram in Epidemiology, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware. Electronic address: karaye@udel.edu.
Jennifer A HorneyProgram in Epidemiology, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionBecause of their inability to access adequate medical care, transportation, and nutrition, socially vulnerable populations are at an increased risk of health challenges during disasters. This study estimates the association between case counts of COVID-19 infection and social vulnerability in the U.S., identifying counties at increased vulnerability to the pandemic.

methodsUsing Social Vulnerability Index and COVID-19 case count data, an ordinary least squares regression model was fitted to assess the global relationship between COVID-19 case counts and social vulnerability. Local relationships were assessed using a geographically weighted regression model, which is effective in exploring spatial nonstationarity.

resultsAs of May 12, 2020, a total of 1,320,909 people had been diagnosed with COVID-19 in the U.S. Of the counties included in this study (91.5%, 2,844 of 3,108), the highest case count was recorded in Trousdale, Tennessee (16,525.22 per 100,000) and the lowest in Tehama, California (1.54 per 100,000). At the global level, overall Social Vulnerability Index (e

conclusionsLarge-scale disasters differentially affect the health of marginalized communities. In this study, minority status and language, household composition and transportation, and housing and disability predicted COVID-19 case counts in the U.S. Addressing the social factors that create poor health is essential to reducing inequities in the health impacts of disasters.

Indexed as

Health Services AccessibilityVulnerable PopulationsCoronavirus InfectionsCOVID-19Health Status DisparitiesHumansPandemicsPneumonia, ViralRisk FactorsUnited States

Identifiers

PMID32703701
PMCPMC7318979

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.