Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32703226›Full record

ArticleBMC international health and human rights2020

Female genital mutilation/cutting in Sierra Leone: are educated women intending to circumcise their daughters?

Edward Kwabena Ameyaw, Justice Kanor Tetteh, Ebenezer Kwesi Armah-Ansah, Kofi Aduo-Adjei, Aisha Sena-Iddrisu

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Article in BMC international health and human rights, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
25citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

25 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Edward Kwabena AmeyawThe Australian Centre for Public and Population Health Research, Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia. edmeyaw19@gmail.com.ORCID 0000-0002-6617-237X
Justice Kanor TettehDepartment of Population and Health, College of Humanities and Legal Studies, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana.ORCID 0000-0001-7890-1165
Ebenezer Kwesi Armah-AnsahDepartment of Population and Health, College of Humanities and Legal Studies, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana.
Kofi Aduo-AdjeiCentre for Health Services Management, Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Aisha Sena-IddrisuNursing and Midwifery Training College, Sunyani, Ghana.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundFemale genital mutilation/cutting (FGM/C) has been recognized as a gross violation of human rights of girls and women. This is well established in numerous international legal instruments. It forms part of the initiation ceremony that confers womanhood in Sierra Leone. Girls and women who are subjected to this practice are considered to be ready for marriage by their parents and communities and are rewarded with celebrations, gifts, and public recognition. Following this, we examined the relationship between education and women's FGM/C intention for their daughters in Sierra Leone.

methodsWe used cross-sectional data from the women's file of the 2013 Sierra Leone Demographic and Health Survey (SLDHS) to explore the influence of education on FGM/C intention among women in the reproductive age (15-49). A sample of 6543 women were included in the study. Our analysis involved descriptive computation of education and FGM/C intention. This was followed by a two-level multilevel analysis. Fixed effect results were reported as Odds Ratios and Adjusted Odds Ratios with their respective credible intervals (CrIs) whilst results of the random effects were presented as variance partition coefficients and median odds ratios.

resultsOur findings showed that women who had no formal education were more likely to intend to circumcise their daughters [aOR = 4.3, CrI = 2.4-8.0]. Among the covariates, women aged 20-24 [aOR = 2.3, CrI = 1.5-3.4] were more likely to intend to circumcise their daughters compared to women between 45 and 49 years old. Poorest women were more likely to report intention of circumcising their daughters in the future compared with the richest [aOR = 2.1, CrI = 1.3-3.2]. We noted that, 63.3% of FGM/C intention in Sierra Leone is attributable to contextual factors.

conclusionFGM/C intention is more common among women with no education, younger women as well as women in the lowest wealth category. We recommend segmented female-child educational and pro-poor policies that target uneducated women in Sierra Leone. The study further suggests that interventions to end FGM/C need to focus on broader contextual and social norms in Sierra Leone.

Indexed as

Educational StatusIntentionMothersAdolescentAdultCircumcision, FemaleCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansIncomeMarriageNuclear FamilySierra LeoneSurveys and QuestionnairesYoung AdultCircumcisionEducationFemale genital cuttingFemale genital mutilationSierra Leone

Identifiers

PMID32703226
PMCPMC7376916

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LicenceCC BY
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.