Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32703206›Full record

ArticleMalaria journal2020

Long-term transmission patterns and public health policies leading to malaria elimination in Panamá.

Lisbeth Hurtado, Alberto Cumbrera, Chystrie Rigg, Milixa Perea, Ana María Santamaría, Luis Fernando Chaves, Dianik Moreno, Luis Romero, Jose Lasso, Lorenzo Caceres and 2 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Malaria journal, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
17citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
2.3field-weighted citation impact, top 11% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

17 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 21 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Genetic Diversity of Potential Drug Resistance Markers inPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025
    Article
  7. Review
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  15. Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021
    Article
  16. Article
  17. Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.

Lisbeth HurtadoDepartamento de Análisis Epidemiológico y Bioestadísticas, Instituto Conmemorativo Gorgas de Estudios de la Salud, Panamá, República de Panamá.
Alberto CumbreraDirección de Investigación y Desarrollo Tecnológico, Instituto Conmemorativo Gorgas de Estudios de la Salud, Panamá, República de Panamá.
Chystrie RiggDepartamento de Investigación en Parasitología, Instituto Conmemorativo Gorgas de Estudios de la Salud, Panamá, República de Panamá.
Milixa PereaDepartamento de Investigación en Parasitología, Instituto Conmemorativo Gorgas de Estudios de la Salud, Panamá, República de Panamá.
Ana María SantamaríaDepartamento de Investigación en Parasitología, Instituto Conmemorativo Gorgas de Estudios de la Salud, Panamá, República de Panamá.
Luis Fernando ChavesInstituto Costarricense de Investigación Y Enseñanza en Nutrición Y Salud (INCIENSA), Tres Ríos, Cartago, Costa Rica.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5301-2764
Dianik MorenoLaboratorio Central de Referencia en Salud Publica, Instituto Conmemorativo Gorgas de Estudios de la Salud, Panamá, República de Panamá.
Luis RomeroLaboratorio Central de Referencia en Salud Publica, Instituto Conmemorativo Gorgas de Estudios de la Salud, Panamá, República de Panamá.
Jose LassoDepartamento de Control de Vectores, Ministerio de Salud (MINSA), Panamá, República de Panamá.
Lorenzo CaceresDepartamento de Investigación en Entomología Médica, Instituto Conmemorativo Gorgas de Estudios de la Salud, Panamá, República de Panamá.
Azael SaldañaUniversidad de Panamá, Panamá, República de Panamá.
Jose E CalzadaUniversidad de Panamá, Panamá, República de Panamá. jcalzada@gorgas.gob.pa.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6669-4290
Instituto Conmemorativo Gorgas de Estudios de la Salud · PAUniversidad de Panamá · PAInstituto Costarricense de Investigación y Enseñanza en Nutrición y Salud · CR

Funding

Ministerio de Economía y Finanzas 9044.024
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe present study provides a countrywide perspective of the malaria situation in Panamá over a long-term framework, with the purpose of identifying historical malaria resurgence events and their potential causes.

methodsA descriptive-ecological study was conducted by analysing demographic and epidemiological annual malaria time series data in Panamá (1884-2019) using several data sources. Malaria intensity indicators were calculated during the study period. The effects of El Niño Southern Oscillation on malaria transmission were also analysed using a retrospective analysis of malaria cases between 1957 and 2019.

resultsSeveral factors were identified responsible for malaria resurgence in Panamá, mostly related with Malaria Control Programme weakening. During the past 20 years (2000-2019) malaria has progressively increased in prevalence within indigenous settlements, with a predominance of male cases and a high proportion (15% of total cases) in children less than 5 years old. During this period, a significant and increasing proportion of the Plasmodium falciparum cases were imported. Retrospective analysis (1957-2019) evidenced that ENSO had a significant impact on malaria transmission dynamics in Panamá.

conclusionsData analysis confirmed that although authorities have been successful in focalizing malaria transmission in the country, there are still neglected issues to be solved and important intercultural barriers that need to be addressed in order to achieve elimination of the disease by 2022. This information will be useful for targeting strategies by the National Malaria Elimination Programme.

Indexed as

El Nino-Southern OscillationMalaria, FalciparumMalaria, VivaxHealth PolicyHumansPanamaPlasmodium falciparumPlasmodium vivaxPublic HealthRetrospective StudiesClimateEpidemiologyMalaria eliminationPanamáPlasmodium

Identifiers

PMID32703206
PMCPMC7376851
OpenAlexW3044244811

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.