ArticleThe International journal on drug policy2020
Elevated prevalence of self-reported unintentional exposure to fentanyl among women who use drugs in a Canadian setting: A cross-sectional analysis.
Article in The International journal on drug policy, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Systematic review on intentional non-medical fentanyl use among people who use drugs.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2024Pooled it
- The emergence of fentanyl in a stimulant landscape: Un/intentional use, social relations, and developing communities of care.The International journal on drug policy · 2025Article
- Normalizing fentanyl: interpreting the perceived 'risk' of correctional officer work.Addiction science & clinical practice · 2024Article
- How substance use preferences and practices relate to fentanyl exposure among people who use drugs in Rhode Island, USA.Drug and alcohol dependence reports · 2024Article
- Women's experiences in injectable opioid agonist treatment programs in Vancouver, Canada.The International journal on drug policy · 2023Article
- Behavior change after fentanyl testing at a safe consumption space for women in Northern Mexico: A pilot study.The International journal on drug policy · 2022Article
- Polysubstance use poisoning deaths in Canada: an analysis of trends from 2014 to 2017 using mortality data.BMC public health · 2022Article
- Growing racial/ethnic disparities in overdose mortality before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in California.Preventive medicine · 2021Article
- Racial/Ethnic, Social, and Geographic Trends in Overdose-Associated Cardiac Arrests Observed by US Emergency Medical Services During the COVID-19 Pandemic.JAMA psychiatry · 2021Article
- Prevalence and drug use correlates of inadvertent fentanyl exposure among individuals misusing drugs in seven U.S. states.Journal of addictive diseasesArticle
- Identifying Factors Associated With Intentional and Unintentional Fentanyl Use Among People Who Use Drugs in New York City.Journal of addiction medicineArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe United States and Canada are in the midst of an overdose epidemic, fueled by illicitly manufactured fentanyl. While marked differences in vulnerability to drug-related harm between men and women who use drugs is well characterized, the extent to which gender differences manifest in the present overdose crisis remains understudied. We examined differences in self-reported unintentional exposure to fentanyl between men and women who use drugs. METHODOLOGY: Data were derived from three prospective cohorts of people who use drugs in Vancouver, Canada. Survey data were extracted on individuals who self-reported having used drugs known or believed to contain fentanyl in the past 30 days between December 2016 and November 2017. We used multivariable logistic regression (MLR) to examine the relationship between self-identified gender (woman vs. man) and self-reported unintentional exposure to fentanyl. As a sub-analysis, correlates of self-reported unintentional exposure to fentanyl were identified using MLR, stratified by gender.
resultsOf 578 eligible participants, including 219 (37.9%) women, 200 (33.2%) perceived their exposure to fentanyl as unintentional (40.2% among women and 29.0% among men). In the MLR, being a woman was positively associated with self-reported unintentional fentanyl exposure (adjusted odds ratio = 2.11; 95% confidence interval: 1.45-3.09). Among women at least daily heroin use was negatively associated with self-reported unintentional fentanyl exposure, while perceiving a high or moderate risk of overdosing on fentanyl was positively associated with outcome. Among men older age was positively associated with self-reported unintentional fentanyl exposure, while injection drug use and at least daily heroin use was negatively associated with the outcome (all p<0.05).
conclusionsWomen were more than two times as likely to self-report they were unintentionally exposed to fentanyl compared to men. These findings highlight the urgent need to further understand experiences of gender-based risk differences and develop gender-focused interventions and policies aimed at preventing drug-related harm.
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