ReviewExpert opinion on investigational drugs2020
Type I interferon antagonists in clinical development for lupus.
Review in Expert opinion on investigational drugs, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- The STING/type I interferon axis drives the interplay between marginal zone B cells and T follicular helper cells in Sjögren's disease.Cellular & molecular immunology · 2025Article
- Interferons in Autoimmunity: From Loss of Tolerance to Chronic Inflammation.Biomedicines · 2025Review
- The contribution of type-I IFN-mediated neuroinflammation to Parkinson's disease progression.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2025Review
- Regulated cell death and DAMPs as biomarkers and therapeutic targets in normothermic perfusion of transplant organs. Part 2: implementation strategies.Frontiers in transplantation · 2025Review
- Inhibiting the P2YJACC. Basic to translational science · 2024Article
- Uncoupling interferons and the interferon signature explains clinical and transcriptional subsets in SLE.Cell reports. Medicine · 2024Article
- The bidirectional immune crosstalk in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.Cell metabolism · 2023Review
- RelB-deficient autoinflammatory pathology presents as interferonopathy, but in mice is interferon-independent.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2023Article
- Type I interferon and neutrophil transcripts in lupus nephritis renal biopsies: clinical and histopathological associations.Rheumatology (Oxford, England) · 2023Article
- IRF7: role and regulation in immunity and autoimmunity.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- High Systemic Type I Interferon Activity Is Associated With Active Class III/IV Lupus Nephritis.The Journal of rheumatology · 2022Article
- Type I Interferons in Autoimmunity.The Journal of investigative dermatology · 2022Review
- Epigenetic Regulation of IFI44L Expression in Monocytes Affects the Functions of Monocyte-Derived Dendritic Cells in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.Journal of immunology research · 2022Article
- Article
- COVID-19 in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: lessons learned from the inflammatory disease.Translational research : the journal of laboratory and clinical medicine · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
introductionSystemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a severe chronic and incurable autoimmune disease. Treatment includes glucocorticoids and immunosuppressants which typically result in partial responses, and hence there is a great need for new therapies. The type I interferon (IFN) pathway is activated in more than 50% of SLE patients, and it is strongly implicated as a pathogenic factor in SLE. AREAS COVERED: We searched the literature using 'SLE and interferon antagonists' as search terms. This identified a number of therapeutics that have entered clinical development targeting type I IFN in SLE. These include monoclonal antibodies against type I IFN cytokines and a kinoid vaccination strategy to induce anti-IFN antibodies. EXPERT OPINION: Type I IFN antagonists have had some success, but many molecules have not progressed to phase III. These varied results are likely attributed to the multiple concurrent cytokine abnormalities present in SLE, the imprecise nature of the IFN signature as a readout for type I IFN and difficulties with clinical trials such as background medication use and diffuse composite disease activity measures. Despite these challenges, it seems likely that a type I IFN antagonist will come to clinical utility for SLE given the large unmet need and the recent phase III success with anifrolumab.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.