ArticleThe FEBS journal2020
Low plasma 25(OH) vitamin D level is associated with increased risk of COVID-19 infection: an Israeli population-based study.
Article in The FEBS journal, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 236 papers, 19 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
236 citing papers in PubMed, 19 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 424 citations in OpenAlex.
- Vitamin D Deficiency Meets Hill's Criteria for Causation in SARS-CoV-2 Susceptibility, Complications, and Mortality: A Systematic Review.Nutrients · 2025Pooled it
- Vitamin D status in children with mild, moderate, or severe confirmed COVID-19: systematic-review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2025Pooled it
- Pooled it
- The Effects of Vitamin D Supplementation in COVID-19 Patients: A Systematic Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Pooled it
- Vitamins C and D and COVID-19 Susceptibility, Severity and Progression: An Evidence Based Systematic Review.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2022Pooled it
- Vitamin D Deficiency and Comorbidities as Risk Factors of COVID-19 Infection: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Journal of preventive medicine and public health = Yebang Uihakhoe chi · 2022Pooled it
- Vitamin D and SARS-CoV2 infection, severity and mortality: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PloS one · 2022Pooled it
- The isolated effect of age on the risk of COVID-19 severe outcomes: a systematic review with meta-analysis.BMJ global health · 2021Pooled it
- The role of vitamin D in the age of COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis.International journal of clinical practice · 2021Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Association of Vitamin D Status with SARS-CoV-2 Infection or COVID-19 Severity: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2021Pooled it
- Pre-existing health conditions and severe COVID-19 outcomes: an umbrella review approach and meta-analysis of global evidence.BMC medicine · 2021Pooled it
- The link between COVID-19 and VItamin D (VIVID): A systematic review and meta-analysis.Metabolism: clinical and experimental · 2021Pooled it
- The association of smoking status with SARS-CoV-2 infection, hospitalization and mortality from COVID-19: a living rapid evidence review with Bayesian meta-analyses (version 7).Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2021Pooled it
- Micronutrients Deficiency, Supplementation and Novel Coronavirus Infections-A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Nutrients · 2021Pooled it
- Low vitamin D status is associated with coronavirus disease 2019 outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases · 2021Pooled it
- The role of vitamin D deficiency on COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies.Epidemiology and health · 2021Pooled it
- Vitamin D Status and SARS-CoV-2 Infection and COVID-19 Clinical Outcomes.Frontiers in public health · 2021Pooled it
- Effect of moderate or high versus low dose daily vitamin D on COVID-19 incidence: A double-blind, parallel-group randomized clinical trial.Clinical nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland) · 2026Trial
176 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Vitamin D deficiency is a worldwide pandemic. The aim of this study was to evaluate associations of plasma 25(OH)D levels with the likelihood of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection and hospitalization. The study population included the 14 000 members of Leumit Health Services, who were tested for COVID-19 infection from February 1
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.