ArticleBMJ open sport & exercise medicine2020
Do static and dynamic activities induce potentially damaging breast skin strain?
Article in BMJ open sport & exercise medicine, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- The effect of female breast surface area on cutaneous thermal sensation, wetness perception and epidermal properties.Experimental physiology · 2025Article
- Insights into breast health issues in women's rugby.European journal of sport science · 2024Review
- The effect of female breast surface area on skin stiffness and tactile sensitivity at rest and following exercise in the heat.Experimental physiology · 2024Article
- Breast-torso movement coordination during running in different breast support.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- A Systematic Analysis of 3D Deformation of Aging Breasts Based on Artificial Neural Networks.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
BACKGROUND/
aimThis study aimed to quantify breast skin strain and strain rate and the effect of support garments at reducing strain and to determine characteristics that correlate with strain during static and dynamic activity.
methods39 women (UK size 32C to 36G) had electromagnetic sensors applied to their breast skin. Sensor coordinates were recorded while standing, walking, running, in no, low and high breast support conditions, plus bare-breasted in the estimated neutral position to calculate strain. Relative breast coordinates and 35 inter-sensor distances identified peak breast skin strain (%) and strain rate (%·s
resultsMean peak breast skin strain was generally <60% during standing, walking and running; however, some individuals exhibited 93% strain in bare-breasted running. Compared with low support, high support did not further reduce strain during standing and walking. Peak breast skin strain/strain rate location was longitudinal, in lateral and medial breast regions and displayed strong correlations with breast volume, body mass index and bust circumference.
conclusionStatic and dynamic activity did not result in excessive breast skin strain, suggesting low risk of skin damage. However, during running, some individuals experienced excessive skin strains (up to 93%) and strain rates (up to 1258%·s
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Registered trials
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