ArticleTranslational psychiatry2020
Whole-blood expression of inflammasome- and glucocorticoid-related mRNAs correctly separates treatment-resistant depressed patients from drug-free and responsive patients in the BIODEP study.
Article in Translational psychiatry, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. It is linked to trial NCT06182722 (Association of Peripheral Immune Cells With Antidepressant Treatment Response), which is not on this map. Cited by 71 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Association of Peripheral Immune Cells With Antidepressant Treatment Response
Who cites it
71 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 113 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cortisol levels and depression suicide risk: a combined exploration of meta-analysis and case-control study.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Pooled it
- Cortisol and development of depression in adolescence and young adulthood - a systematic review and meta-analysis.Psychoneuroendocrinology · 2022Pooled it
- Associations of Dietary Intake on Biological Markers of Inflammation in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review.Nutrients · 2021Pooled it
- The Role of Peripheral Inflammation in Clinical Outcome and Brain Imaging Abnormalities in Psychosis: A Systematic Review.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2021Pooled it
- Tetrahydrocurcumin for Major Depressive Disorder with Therapeutic Potential and Mechanistic Insights from Clinical and Preclinical Studies.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Trial
- Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids protect against inflammation through production of LOX and CYP450 lipid mediators: relevance for major depression and for human hippocampal neurogenesis.Molecular psychiatry · 2021Trial
- Chronic stress and myeloid immunosuppression in cancer: A neuroimmune link to behavioral dysfunction.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2026Review
- Glucocorticoid Signaling in PSC-Derived Neural Systems to Elucidate Mechanisms of Stress-Induced Psychiatric Vulnerability.Molecular neurobiology · 2026Review
- Tomentosin selectively targets microglial pyroptosis to overcome fluoxetine-resistant depression: a network-based therapeutic discovery.Translational psychiatry · 2026Article
- Linking inflammatory and structural neuroimaging biomarkers in treatment-resistant depression: Current evidence and emerging hypotheses.Neuroscience applied · 2026Review
- A systematic review investigating the relationship between green and blue spaces and depression in older adults via DNA methylation.Environmental epigenetics · 2026Review
- Harnessing Dietary Tryptophan: Bridging the Gap Between Neurobiology and Psychiatry in Depression Management.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Investigating the Antidepressant Mechanism of Acupuncture with a Focus on Mitochondrial Homeostasis.International journal of general medicine · 2026Review
- The dietary ligands, omega-3 fatty acid endocannabinoids and short-chain fatty acids prevent cytokine-induced reduction of human hippocampal neurogenesis and alter the expression of genes involved in neuroinflammation and neuroplasticity.Molecular psychiatry · 2025Article
- Systemic Inflammation at the Crossroad of Major Depressive Disorder and Comorbidities: A Narrative Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Advancing an Inflammatory Subtype of Major Depression.The American journal of psychiatry · 2025Review
- Transcriptomic profiles in major depressive disorder: the role of immunometabolic and cell-cycle-related pathways in depression with different levels of inflammation.Molecular psychiatry · 2025Observational
- Identifying behavior regulatory leverage over mental disorders transcriptomic network hubs toward lifestyle-dependent psychiatric drugs repurposing.Human genomics · 2025Article
- MicroRNAs: A Novel Approach for Monitoring Treatment Response in Major Depressive Disorder?Non-coding RNA · 2025Review
- Advancing precision psychiatry and targeted treatments: Insights from immunopsychiatry.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2025Review
11 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
28 authors at 9 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The mRNA expression signatures associated with the 'pro-inflammatory' phenotype of depression, and the differential signatures associated with depression subtypes and the effects of antidepressants, are still unknown. We examined 130 depressed patients (58 treatment-resistant, 36 antidepressant-responsive and 36 currently untreated) and 40 healthy controls from the BIODEP study, and used whole-blood mRNA qPCR to measure the expression of 16 candidate mRNAs, some never measured before: interleukin (IL)-1-beta, IL-6, TNF-alpha, macrophage inhibiting factor (MIF), glucocorticoid receptor (GR), SGK1, FKBP5, the purinergic receptor P2RX7, CCL2, CXCL12, c-reactive protein (CRP), alpha-2-macroglobulin (A2M), acquaporin-4 (AQP4), ISG15, STAT1 and USP-18. All genes but AQP4, ISG15 and USP-18 were differentially regulated. Treatment-resistant and drug-free depressed patients had both increased inflammasome activation (higher P2RX7 and proinflammatory cytokines/chemokines mRNAs expression) and glucocorticoid resistance (lower GR and higher FKBP5 mRNAs expression), while responsive patients had an intermediate phenotype with, additionally, lower CXCL12. Most interestingly, using binomial logistics models we found that a signature of six mRNAs (P2RX7, IL-1-beta, IL-6, TNF-alpha, CXCL12 and GR) distinguished treatment-resistant from responsive patients, even after adjusting for other variables that were different between groups, such as a trait- and state-anxiety, history of childhood maltreatment and serum CRP. Future studies should replicate these findings in larger, longitudinal cohorts, and test whether this mRNA signature can identify patients that are more likely to respond to adjuvant strategies for treatment-resistant depression, including combinations with anti-inflammatory medications.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.