ArticleParasites & vectors2020
Identification and antigenicity of the Babesia caballi spherical body protein 4 (SBP4).
Article in Parasites & vectors, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 11 citations in OpenAlex.
- Molecular characterization and recombinant expression of Babesia ovis SBP4 protein as a potential serodiagnostic antigen.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Comparative genomics, integrated with single-cell sequencing and genetic analyses, reveal roles of transcription factor AP2-M2 in asexual replication of Babesia parasite.PLoS pathogens · 2025Article
- Molecular detection and genotyping ofIranian journal of veterinary research · 2025Article
- Molecular and immunological studies on Theileria equi and its vector in Egypt.Experimental & applied acarology · 2024Article
- Biochemical analysis of Hyalomma dromedarii salivary glands and gut tissues using SR-FTIR micro-spectroscopy.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Current vaccines, experimental immunization trials, and new perspectives to control selected vector borne blood parasites of veterinary importance.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2024Review
- Impact of Equine and Camel Piroplasmosis in Egypt: How Much Do We Know about the Current Situation?Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Article
- Fundamental Tick Vaccinomic Approach to Evade Host Autoimmune Reaction.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2022Article
- Rapid Detection of Equine Piroplasms Using Multiplex PCR and First Genetic Characterization ofPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe tick-borne intra-erythrocytic apicomplexan Babesia caballi is one of the etiological agents of equine babesiosis, an economically important disease of equids in most tropical and subtropical areas of the world. Discovering candidate antigens for improved diagnostic tools and vaccines remains needed for controlling equine babesiosis. This study describes the B. caballi sbp4 (Bcsbp4) gene and protein (BcSBP4) and analyzes its antigenicity in infected equids.
methodsBLAST searches of an uncurated B. caballi assembly genome using the B. bovis SBP4 as a query were carried out, followed by PCR amplification and sequencing of a newly identified BcSBP4. Characterization of this novel gene and protein was performed by bioinformatics analysis, western blots, immunofluorescence (IFA) and an in vitro neutralization test using anti SBP4 peptide antibodies. Antigenicity of recombinant BcSBP4 (rBcSBP4) was tested with sera from field animals (n = 18) using an indirect ELISA (iELISA).
resultsBabesia caballi genome searches using B. bovis SBP4 as a query allowed identification of a novel gene termed Bcsbp4. The Bcsbp4 gene encodes for a protein of 30.58 kDa, which is fully conserved among B. caballi isolates from USA and Egypt. Bioinformatics analysis indicates that BcSBP4 contains a signal peptide and lacks additional transmembrane domains. Expression of BcSBP4 in blood stages of B. caballi was confirmed by western blot and IFA using antibodies against synthetic peptides representing putative B-cell epitopes of BcSBP4 predicted by in silico analysis. In vitro neutralization tests using anti-BcSBP4 peptide antibodies showed a marginal, but statistically significant inhibitory effect on the infectivity of B. caballi merozoites in horse red blood cells. Sera from eight B. caballi-infected equids, but none out of ten negative equid control sera, gave a positive signal in an rBcSBP4 based iELISA.
conclusionsThe Bcsbp4 gene is expressed in B. caballi blood stages. The BcSBP4 protein is a potential candidate for developing a novel serological test that could detect B. caballi infection in equids in tropical and subtropical countries worldwide.
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