Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32698001›Full record

ArticleCell reports2020

Acquisition and Adaptation of Ultra-small Parasitic Reduced Genome Bacteria to Mammalian Hosts.

Jeffrey S McLean, Batbileg Bor, Kristopher A Kerns, Quanhui Liu, Thao T To, Lindsey Solden, Erik L Hendrickson, Kelly Wrighton, Wenyuan Shi, Xuesong He

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Cell reports, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 79 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
79citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
13.2field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

79 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 130 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. A host-encoded prophage targets a Candidate Phyla Radiation bacterium and shapes episymbiotic interactions.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026
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  15. International journal of systematic and evolutionary microbiology · 2025
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  16. Identifying essential genes inJournal of bacteriology · 2025
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  17. The type IV secretion system ofMicrobial genomics · 2025
    Article
  18. International journal of systematic and evolutionary microbiology · 2025
    Article
  19. Article
  20. Article

19 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Jeffrey S McLeanDepartment of Periodontics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Department of Microbiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA. Electronic address: jsmclean@uw.edu.
Batbileg BorDepartment of Microbiology, The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Kristopher A KernsDepartment of Periodontics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
Quanhui LiuDepartment of Periodontics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
Thao T ToDepartment of Periodontics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
Lindsey SoldenDepartment of Microbiology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
Erik L HendricksonDepartment of Periodontics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
Kelly WrightonDepartment of Microbiology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
Wenyuan ShiDepartment of Microbiology, The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.
Xuesong HeDepartment of Microbiology, The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
University of Washington · USHarvard University · USThe Ohio State University · US

Funding

Comprehensive Training in Inter-Disciplinary Oral Health ResearchT90DE021984 · NIDCR · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI Robert Aaron Cornell · 2012 to 2026
$7.9M
Domestication and characterization of TM7-the most elusive oral phylumR01DE023810 · NIDCR · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI Xuesong He, Jeffrey Scott McLean · 2014 to 2026
$6.6M
Making a quantum leap in plaque research with modern sciencesR01DE020102 · NIDCR · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI HE, XUESONG, MCLEAN, JEFFREY SCOTT · 2010 to 2020
$3.7M
Studying the Protective Effects of Normal Oral FloraR01DE026186 · NIDCR · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI HE, XUESONG, MCLEAN, JEFFREY SCOTT · 2016 to 2020
$2.1M
Molecular and pathogenic study of an oral TM7 strain, the first cultivated ultra-small bacteriumR00DE027719 · NIDCR · ADA FORSYTH INSTITUTE, INC. · PI BOR, BATBILEG · 2020 to 2022
$747k
Phenotypic, transcriptomic and pathogenic study of the first cultivated TM7 strainF32DE025548 · NIDCR · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI BOR, BATBILEG · 2015 to 2017
$111k
NIDCR NIH HHS F32 DE025548NIDCR NIH HHS R00 DE027719NIDCR NIH HHS R01 DE020102NIDCR NIH HHS R01 DE023810NIDCR NIH HHS R01 DE026186NIDCR NIH HHS T90 DE021984
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The first cultivated representative of the enigmatic phylum Saccharibacteria (formerly TM7) was isolated from humans and revealed an ultra-small cell size (200-300 nm), a reduced genome with limited biosynthetic capabilities, and a unique parasitic lifestyle. TM7x was the only cultivated member of the candidate phyla radiation (CPR), estimated to encompass 26% of the domain Bacteria. Here we report on divergent genomes from major lineages across the Saccharibacteria phylum in humans and mammals, as well as from ancient dental calculus. These lineages are present at high prevalence within hosts. Direct imaging reveals that all groups are ultra-small in size, likely feeding off commensal bacteria. Analyses suggest that multiple acquisition events in the past led to the current wide diversity, with convergent evolution of key functions allowing Saccharibacteria from the environment to adapt to mammals. Ultra-small, parasitic CPR bacteria represent a relatively unexplored paradigm of prokaryotic interactions within mammalian microbiomes.

Indexed as

Genome, BacterialGenome SizeAcetobacteraceaeAdaptation, PhysiologicalAnimalsBacterial Secretion SystemsBiodiversityEnvironmental MicrobiologyHost-Pathogen InteractionsHumansMammalsMouthPhylogenyPhylogeographyPrincipal Component AnalysisBacterial Secretion Systemscandidate phyla radiationepibiontmetagenomemicrbiomeNanosynbacteroral bacteriaSaccharibacteriaTM7ultra-small bacteria

Identifiers

PMID32698001
PMCPMC7427843
OpenAlexW3045328792

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.