ArticlePloS one2020
Association of knowledge and beliefs with the misuse of antibiotics in parents: A study in Beirut (Lebanon).
Article in PloS one, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 39 citations in OpenAlex.
- Income level and antibiotic misuse: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis.The European journal of health economics : HEPAC : health economics in prevention and care · 2022Pooled it
- Parental Knowledge and Attitudes Towards Antibiotic Resistance in Children: A Review Article.Current pediatric reviews · 2026Review
- Antibiotic prescribing and antimicrobial resistance awareness among medical students in Lebanon using novel assessment scales.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Combatting antimicrobial resistance amidst the era of economic crisis: Public perceptions and antibiotic practices in Lebanon.Journal of public health research · 2025Article
- Parental knowledge, attitudes and practices on the use of antibiotics among their children in Jordan: a cross-sectional study.BMJ paediatrics open · 2025Article
- Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices of Iraqi Parents Regarding Antibiotic Use in Children and the Implications.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Nasopharyngeal Carriage, Antimicrobial Resistance, and Serotype Distribution ofAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Article
- Social determinants of self-medication with leftover antibiotics in Lebanese households: A cross-sectional study.PloS one · 2025Article
- Pattern of antibiotic use among children caregivers: a cross-sectional study.The Journal of the Egyptian Public Health Association · 2024Article
- A confirmation of the predictive utility of the Antibiotic Use Questionnaire.BMC public health · 2024Article
- The hidden dangers lurking at home: Unveiling the prevalence of leftover antibiotics and its associated factors among Lebanese households.Public health in practice (Oxford, England) · 2024Article
- Updates on the Status of Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacterales in Lebanon.International journal of microbiology · 2023Review
- Pharmacist beliefs about antimicrobial resistance and impacts on antibiotic supply: a multinational survey.JAC-antimicrobial resistance · 2022Article
- Development and Validation of a Knowledge, Attitude and Practice Questionnaire on Antibiotic Use in Arabic and French Languages in Lebanon.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Challenges to Antimicrobial Stewardship in the Countries of the Arab League: Concerns of Worsening Resistance during the COVID-19 Pandemic and Proposed Solutions.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Knowledge, Perceptions, and Attitudes Regarding Antibiotic Use for Lower Respiratory Tract Infections: Insights from Patients in Sri Lanka.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2021Article
- Comparison of Longitudinal and Cross-Sectional Approaches in Studies About Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices Related to Antibiotic Misuse.Drug safety · 2021Article
- Parental Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices on Antibiotic Use for Childhood Upper Respiratory Tract Infections during COVID-19 Pandemic in Greece.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Public KAP towards COVID-19 and Antibiotics Resistance: A Malaysian Survey of Knowledge and Awareness.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundAntibiotic resistance is a major public health concern. It has been associated with factors such as uncontrolled consumption, lack of knowledge, beliefs, and sociodemographic characteristics. Lebanon is characterized by high levels of antibiotic misuse, as almost half of the population self-medicates with antibiotics and over 30% of the antibiotics are dispensed without prescription. To-date, no studies determined adequately the association between knowledge, beliefs and antibiotic misuse in Lebanon.
objectiveTo assess the association between level of knowledge and beliefs about antibiotics, and antibiotic misuse in Lebanon.
methodsWe conducted a cross-sectional study among 1,421 parents of schoolchildren using an anonymous self-administered Knowledge, Attitude and Practices questionnaire. The participants´ level of agreement with each item of knowledge and beliefs was measured using a Likert-type (0-10) scale. Misuse practices in the last month were detected through a series of questions aimed at determining the level of compliance with physicians´ instructions in terms of dosage and duration. Data were analyzed using logistic regression.
results277 participants (16%) acknowledged using antibiotics in the previous month, 41% of whom showed at least one misuse behavior. Misconceptions and beliefs about antibiotics substantially increased the odds of their misuse. For instance, participants who believed that antibiotics were effective in treating viruses, cold, or sore throat infections were twice as likely to misuse antibiotics [Adjusted Interquartile Odds Ratio (aIqOR): 2.08 (95%CI: 1.32, 3.19), aIqOR: 1.81 (95%CI: 1.41, 2.29), aIqOR: 2.19 (95%CI: 1.61, 2.93), respectively]. Parents who usually keep antibiotics at home antibiotics for future use were more likely to misuse antibiotics [aIqOR: 2.44 (95%CI: 1.68, 3.46)].
conclusionsOur findings indicate that the low level of knowledge and the existence of erroneous beliefs about antibiotics are associated with increased odds of antibiotic misuse. Key elements including rationale prescription and control of dispensing should be addressed when designing educational campaigns against antibiotic misuse.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.