Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32696079›Full record

ArticleClinical research in cardiology : official journal of the German Cardiac Society2021

The impact of time-updated resting heart rate on cause-specific mortality in a random middle-aged male population: a lifetime follow-up.

Xiaotong Cui, Zacharias Mandalenakis, Erik Thunström, Michael Fu, Kurt Svärdsudd, Per-Olof Hansson

Open access · hybridAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Clinical research in cardiology : official journal of the German Cardiac Society, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
11citing papers in PubMed
0.4field-weighted citation impact, top 33% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

11 citing papers in PubMed, 11 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Xiaotong CuiDepartment of Cardiology, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Zacharias MandalenakisDepartment of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Erik ThunströmDepartment of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Michael FuDepartment of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Kurt SvärdsuddDepartment of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Family Medicine Section, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
Per-Olof HanssonDepartment of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg, Sweden. per-olof.hansson@vgregion.se.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6323-0506
Sahlgrenska University Hospital · SESun Yat-sen University · CNUppsala University · SE

Funding

The study was financed by grants from several sources. During a long period, the Swedish Medical Research Council funded the study. Research grants were also received from the Swedish Heart and Lung Foundation. In recent years, funding has been received fr ALFGBG-721351
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundA high resting heart rate (RHR) is associated with an increase in adverse events. However, the long-term prognostic value in a general population is unclear. We aimed to investigate the impact of RHR, based on both baseline and time-updated values, on mortality in a middle-aged male cohort.

methodsA random population sample of 852 men, all born in 1913, was followed from age 50 until age 98, with repeated examinations including RHR over a period of 48 years. The impact of baseline and time-updated RHR on cause-specific mortality was assessed using Cox proportional hazard models and cubic spline models.

resultsA baseline RHR of ≥ 90 beats per minute (bpm) was associated with higher all-cause mortality, as compared with an RHR of 60-70 bpm (hazard ratio [HR] 1.60, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.17-2.19, P = 0.003), but not with cardiovascular (CV) mortality. A time-updated RHR of < 60 bpm (HR 1.41, 95% CI 1.07-1.85, P = 0.014) and a time-updated RHR of 70-80 bpm (HR 1.34, 95% CI 1.02-1.75, P = 0.036) were both associated with higher CV mortality as compared with an RHR of 60-70 bpm after multivariable adjustment. Analyses using cubic spline models confirmed that the association of time-updated RHR with all-cause and CV mortality complied with a U-shaped curve with 60 bpm as a reference.

conclusionIn this middle-aged male cohort, a time-updated RHR of 60-70 bpm was associated with the lowest CV mortality, suggesting that a time-updated RHR could be a useful long-term prognostic index in the general population.

Indexed as

ForecastingAgedAged, 80 and overAge FactorsCardiovascular DiseasesCause of DeathFollow-Up StudiesHeart RateHumansMaleMiddle AgedPrognosisProspective StudiesRestRisk FactorsSurvival RateCohort studyGeneral populationHeart rateMortality

Identifiers

PMID32696079
PMCPMC8166682
OpenAlexW3045476396

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.