ArticleJournal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)2020
Neurocognitive Effects of Antiretroviral Initiation Among People Living With HIV in Rural Uganda.
Article in Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999), 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- International application of an optimized harmonization approach for longitudinal cognitive data in people with HIV.Journal of clinical epidemiology · 2025Article
- Sex-specific associations between cerebrospinal fluid inflammatory biomarkers and cognition in antiretroviral-naïve people with HIV in rural Uganda.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2025Article
- Imaging the translocator protein 18 kDa within cognitive control and declarative memory circuits in virally suppressed people with HIV.AIDS (London, England) · 2025Article
- Mental health phenotypes of well-controlled HIV in Uganda.Frontiers in public health · 2024Article
- Mechanisms underlying HIV-associated cognitive impairment and emerging therapies for its management.Nature reviews. Neurology · 2023Review
- Factors associated with verbal fluency in older adults living with HIV in West Africa: A longitudinal study.Tropical medicine & international health : TM & IH · 2023Article
- Need to Revise Frascati Criteria for HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorders to Improve Relevance for Diverse Global Populations.Neurology. Clinical practice · 2022Article
- Immunometabolic Reprogramming in Response to HIV Infection Is Not Fully Normalized by Suppressive Antiretroviral Therapy.Viruses · 2022Article
- Neuroimmunology of CNS HIV Infection: A Narrative Review.Frontiers in neurology · 2022Review
- Improvement in depressive symptoms after antiretroviral therapy initiation in people with HIV in Rakai, Uganda.Journal of neurovirology · 2021Observational
- Sex-specific associations between cerebrospinal fluid inflammatory marker levels and cognitive function in antiretroviral treated people living with HIV in rural Uganda.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
15 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundHIV-associated neurocognitive disorders remain prevalent despite effective antiretroviral therapy (ART), but there are limited longitudinal data on people living with HIV (PLWH) in sub-Saharan Africa. We examined neuropsychological (NP) performance in PLWH in a longitudinal study in Uganda.
methodsParticipants enrolled through the Rakai Community Cohort Study (400 ART-naive PLWH and 400 matched HIV-negative persons) were administered NP assessments. In 2017, PLWH who had initiated ART underwent a 2-year follow-up assessment. Demographically adjusted Z-scores for each NP test were established using data from the HIV- controls. Multivariable linear and logistic regressions were conducted to examine group differences in NP performance. Mixed-effects regressions were conducted to examine ART-related changes in NP outcomes.
resultsOf 333 PLWH who returned for their 2-year follow-up visit, 312 (94%) had initiated ART. Those on ART had a mean age of 35.6 years (SD ± 8.5 years) and mean education of 5.4 years (SD ± 3.3 years); 49% were women. ART-associated NP improvements occurred in verbal learning and memory (P's < 0.05), motor (P's < 0.01), and some measures of processing speed (P = 0.002), whereas there were declines in attention/working memory (P's < 0.001) and semantic fluency (P < 0.001). Pre-ART CD4 count and efavirenz use were associated with a more impaired change in NP performance.
conclusionsPLWH in this resource-limited setting showed improved neurocognitive performance on most NP tests after ART initiation. However, the declines in attention/working memory and fluency performance, as well as relationship to efavirenz, warrant further study.
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