ArticleThoracic cancer2020
Cavitation and fatal hemoptysis after immunotherapy for advanced lung adenocarcinoma: A case report.
Article in Thoracic cancer, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 8 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pulmonary arterial blowout syndrome as a serious adverse event in patients with advanced lung cancer: a 12-year retrospective study.European radiology · 2026Article
- Article
- Narrative review of the progress in the treatment of hemoptysis among patients with advanced lung cancer.Journal of thoracic disease · 2025Review
- Pembrolizumab plus lenvatinib in advanced endometrial cancer: case report and systematic review of lung toxicity.Frontiers in oncology · 2023Article
- Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Associated Pneumonitis in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Current Understanding in Characteristics, Diagnosis, and Management.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-related massive hemoptysis with cavitation has rarely been identified. Here, we report a case of advanced lung adenocarcinoma with lethal bleeding after eight cycles of pembrolizumab. A 55-year-old male was diagnosed with stage IV non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Following confirmation of high programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression of 60% cancer cells, he subsequently received pembrolizumab monotherapy. His symptoms and chest images significantly improved after four cycles of therapy. However, after eight cycles of immunotherapy, he presented with recurrence of bloody sputum and shortness of breath. Pembrolizumab was discontinued and a diagnosis of checkpoint inhibitor-associated pneumonitis (CIP) was made. When the CIP was absorbed after glucocorticoid therapy, the patient died of sudden massive hemoptysis with cavitation in the lesion. KEY POINTS: Although checkpoint inhibitor associated pneumonitis was the leading cause of ICI-related death, clinicians should be alerted to the finding that more attention should be given to hemoptysis attributed to ICI therapy in advanced lung cancer.
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Registered trials
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