Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32689993›Full record

Trial reportBMC women's health2020

Evaluating the effect of an educational program on increasing cervical cancer screening behavior among rural women in Guilan, Iran.

Sedighe Bab Eghbal, Mahmood Karimy, Parisa Kasmaei, Zahra Atrkar Roshan, Roghieh Valipour, Seyedeh Maryam Attari

Open access · goldAbstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in BMC women's health, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
21citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
2.6field-weighted citation impact, top 9% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

21 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 43 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Prevalence of Cervical Cancer Screening in Asia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP · 2025
    Pooled it
  2. Educational Interventions to Promote Cervical Cancer Screening among Rural Populations: A Systematic Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022
    Pooled it
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Sedighe Bab EghbalReproductive Health Research Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Al-Zahra Hospital, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.
Mahmood KarimyDepartment of public health, faculty of health, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Saveh University of medical sciences, Saveh, Iran.
Parisa KasmaeiDepartment of Health Education and Promotion, Research Center of Health and Environment, School of Health, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran. kasmayparisa@yahoo.com.
Zahra Atrkar RoshanDepartment of Social Medicine, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.
Roghieh ValipourDepartment of public health, Mazandaran Training & Education Organization, Babol, Iran.
Seyedeh Maryam AttariReproductive Health Research Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Al-Zahra Hospital, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.
Guilan University of Medical Sciences · IRSaveh University of Medical Sciences · IR

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundCervical cancer is one of the major health problems and the third prevalent cancer in women all around the world. As a simple, inexpensive, and with no side-effects, Pap test is a reliable way to screen cervical cancer. This study aimed to investigate, the effects of educational intervention based on the Health Belief Model (HBM) on doing Pap smear tests among the rural women of the north of Iran.

methodsIn a quasi-experimental study, 160 rural women were randomly divided into control and experimental groups to experience a three-session intervention. The experimental group received the usual educational programs of rural health center and educational programs based on the HBM constructs through personal consultation, asking/answering questions, and an educational pamphlet. The control group, received the usual educational programs of rural health center. The post-test data were collected 2 months after the intervention and analyzed in SPSS-18.

resultsBefore the intervention, there was no significant difference between the control and experimental groups regarding the mean score of knowledge, performance and constructs of the HBM. After the intervention, however, there was a significant difference in the mean scores of knowledge performance and all constructs of the HBM in two groups (p < 0.001). Rate of doing the Pap smear test in the experimental group increased from 18.7 to 78.7% in the intervention group.

conclusionThese findings support the effectiveness of cervical cancer prevention programs based on the HBM. Therefore, conducting similar programs in other regions is recommended.

Indexed as

Health Knowledge, Attitudes, PracticeAdultAgedEarly Detection of CancerFemaleHealth Belief ModelHealth EducationHumansIranMass ScreeningMiddle AgedPapanicolaou TestProgram EvaluationRural HealthRural PopulationUterine Cervical NeoplasmsCervical cancerEducationPap smear testScreening

Identifiers

PMID32689993
PMCPMC7372794
OpenAlexW3043203052

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.