ArticleBMC geriatrics2020
The kinematics and strategies of recovery steps during lateral losses of balance in standing at different perturbation magnitudes in older adults with varying history of falls.
Article in BMC geriatrics, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT01439451 (Effect of Balance Perturbation to Improve Gait and Balance Control and Prevent Falls in Elderly Persons -A Randomized Control Trial), which is not on this map. Cited by 19 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Effect of Balance Perturbation to Improve Gait and Balance Control and Prevent Falls in Elderly Persons -A Randomized Control Trial
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed.
- Feedback-based perturbation balance training during stationary cycling improves reactive and proactive balance among older adults: a single-blinded randomised controlled trial.Age and ageing · 2025Trial
- Trial
- Development and piloting of a perturbation stationary bicycle robotic system that provides unexpected lateral perturbations during bicycling (the PerStBiRo system).BMC geriatrics · 2021Trial
- Characteristics of fall recurrence among persistent, quasi-persistent, and transient fallers: a 3-year analysis from the SCOPE study.European geriatric medicine · 2026Article
- Reactive Balance Deficits Differ in People After Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Based on Chronicity of Self-Reported Symptoms.Neurorehabilitation and neural repair · 2026Article
- Assessment of balance control mechanisms in patient populations using perturbation-based modeling: a narrative review with clinical implications.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2026Review
- Evaluating the Test-Retest Reliability of Five Low-Cost, Perturbation-Based Functional Tests for Balance Recovery in Older Adults.Sports (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Fall history moderates the relationship between concern about falling and reactive stepping performance in people with multiple sclerosis.Neuroscience · 2025Article
- Feasibility and preliminary effectiveness of a 2-week in-place reactive balance training program in people with multiple sclerosis.Multiple sclerosis and related disorders · 2025Article
- Older Fallers' Comprehensive Neuromuscular and Kinematic Alterations in Reactive Balance Control: Indicators of Balance Decline or Compensation? A Pilot Study.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Curvilinear walking elevates fall risk and modulates slip and compensatory step attributes after unconstrained human slips.The Journal of experimental biology · 2024Article
- Classification and Definitions of Compensatory Protective Step Strategies in Older Adults: A Scoping Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Proprioceptive and Strength Exercise Guidelines to Prevent Falls in the Elderly Related to Biomechanical Movement Characteristics.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Characteristics of Unsuccessful Balance Reactive Responses to Lateral Loss of Balance in Older Adults.Gerontology · 2024Article
- The Stepping Threshold Test for assessing reactive balance discriminates between older adult fallers and non-fallers.Frontiers in sports and active living · 2024Article
- Characteristics of step responses following varying magnitudes of unexpected lateral perturbations during standing among older people - a cross-sectional laboratory-based study.BMC geriatrics · 2022Article
- The Stepping Threshold Test for Reactive Balance: Validation of Two Observer-Based Evaluation Strategies to Assess Stepping Behavior in Fall-Prone Older Adults.Frontiers in sports and active living · 2021Article
- Identifying and Characterizing Types of Balance Recovery Strategies Among Females and Males to Prevent Injuries in Free-Standing Public Transport Passengers.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2021Article
- The Effects of Bicycle Simulator Training on Anticipatory and Compensatory Postural Control in Older Adults: Study Protocol for a Single-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial.Frontiers in neurology · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundStep-recovery responses are critical in preventing falls when balance is lost unexpectedly. We investigated the kinematics and strategies of balance recovery in older adults with a varying history of falls.
methodsIn a laboratory study, 51 non-fallers (NFs), 20 one-time fallers (OFs), and 12 recurrent-fallers (RFs) were exposed to random right/left unannounced underfoot perturbations in standing of increasing magnitude. The stepping strategies and kinematics across an increasing magnitude of perturbations and the single- and multiple-step threshold trials, i.e., the lowest perturbation magnitude to evoke single step and multiple steps, respectively, were analyzed. Fall efficacy (FES) and self-reported lower-extremity function were also assessed.
resultsOFs had significantly lower single- and multiple-step threshold levels than NFs; the recovery-step kinematics were similar. Surprisingly, RFs did not differ from NFs in either threshold. The kinematics in the single-step threshold trial in RFs, however, showed a significant delay in step initiation duration, longer step duration, and larger center of mass (CoM) displacement compared with NFs and OFs. In the multiple-step threshold trial, the RFs exhibited larger CoM displacements and longer time to fully recover from balance loss. Interestingly, in the single-stepping trials, 45% of the step-recovery strategies used by RFs were the loaded-leg strategy, about two times more than OFs and NFs (22.5 and 24.2%, respectively). During the multiple-stepping trials, 27.3% of the first-step recovery strategies used by RFs were the loaded-leg strategy about two times more than OFs and NFs (11.9 and 16.4%, respectively), the crossover stepping strategy was the dominated response in all 3 groups (about 50%). In addition, RFs reported a lower low-extremity function compared with NFs, and higher FES in the OFs.
conclusionsRFs had impaired kinematics during both single-step and multiple-step recovery responses which was associated with greater leg dysfunction. OFs and NFs had similar recovery-step kinematics, but OFs were more likely to step at lower perturbation magnitudes suggesting a more "responsive" over-reactive step response related from their higher fear of falling and not due to impaired balance abilities. These data provide insight into how a varying history of falls might affect balance recovery to a lateral postural perturbation.
trial registrationThis study was registered prospectively on November 9th, 2011 at clinicaltrials.gov ( NCT01439451 ).
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.