ArticleOrthopaedic journal of sports medicine2020
Evaluation of the Electromyographic Amplitude-to-Work Ratio in the Infraspinatus Muscle During External Shoulder Rotation Exercises: A Comparison of Concentric Isotonic and Isokinetic Exercises.
Article in Orthopaedic journal of sports medicine, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 10 citations in OpenAlex.
- Trial
- Impact of Different Isokinetic Movement Patterns on Shoulder Rehabilitation Outcome.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Trial
- Effect of different load of shoulder external rotation exercises on changes in muscle activity and exerted torque.Frontiers in sports and active living · 2025Article
- Effect of contraction type at varying angular velocities on isokinetic muscle strength training.Journal of exercise rehabilitation · 2023Article
- Validation of the Measuring Protocol for the Infraspinatus Muscle with M-Mode Ultrasound in Asymptomatic Subjects. Intra- and Inter-examiner Reliability Study.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Retentive capacity of power output and linear versus non-linear mapping of power loss in the isotonic muscular endurance test.Scientific reports · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundIsotonic exercise is commonly adopted for shoulder rehabilitation, but the efficacy of isokinetic exercise for rehabilitation has not been evaluated. PURPOSE: To evaluate the efficacy of isotonic and isokinetic external shoulder rotation exercises. STUDY
designControlled laboratory study.
methodsUsing surface electromyography (EMG) and the Biodex system, we investigated the EMG amplitude of the infraspinatus (IS), total work (tWK), and EMG(IS)/tWK ratio and examined the relative IS and posterior deltoid (PD) contributions to all exercises. A total of 24 healthy participants without musculoskeletal injuries were included. Participants performed isotonic external shoulder rotation at 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, and 50% of the maximum voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) as well as isokinetic external shoulder rotation at angular velocities of 60, 120, 180, 240, and 300 deg/s. Levels of intensity were classified from 1 to 5: level 1 corresponded to 10% of the MVIC and a 300-deg/s angular velocity; level 2 corresponded to 20% MVIC and 240 deg/s; level 3 corresponded to 30% MVIC and 180 deg/s; level 4 corresponded to 40% MVIC and 120 deg/s; and level 5 corresponded to 50% MVIC and 60 deg/s. Normalized IS and tWK amplitudes were calculated for each exercise.
resultsDuring isotonic exercise, the EMG(IS)/tWK ratio significantly decreased from level 5 to 3, 2, and 1; from level 4 to 2 and 1; and from level 3 to 1. During isokinetic exercise, the EMG(IS)/tWK ratio at level 3 was greater than that at all other levels except level 1. Statistical differences were found between isotonic and isokinetic modes at levels 1, 2, and 3. The IS/PD activation ratios were not significantly different between exercise modes at any level.
conclusionIsokinetic resistance may provide more effective stimulation of the IS muscle compared with isotonic resistance. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Isokinetic exercise needs to be considered as a method of rehabilitation that effectively increases infraspinatus muscle activity.
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