Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32684424›Full record

ArticleJournal of diabetes and its complications2020

Elevated depressive symptoms and risk of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality among adults with and without diabetes: The REasons for Geographic And Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) study.

Amandiy N N Liwo, Virginia J Howard, Sha Zhu, Michelle Y Martin, Monika M Safford, Joshua S Richman, Doyle M Cummings, April P Carson

Open access · greenAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of diabetes and its complications, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
0.7field-weighted citation impact, top 26% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed, 12 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.

Amandiy N N LiwoDepartment of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 619 19th Street South, Birmingham, AL, USA. Electronic address: amandiyliwo@uabmc.edu.
Virginia J HowardDepartment of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1720 2nd Ave South, Birmingham, AL, USA.
Sha ZhuDepartment of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1720 2nd Ave South, Birmingham, AL, USA.
Michelle Y MartinCollege of Medicine, Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 66 North Pauline Street, Memphis, TN, USA.
Monika M SaffordGeneral Internal Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, 1300 York Avenue, New York, NY, USA.
Joshua S RichmanDepartment of Surgery, Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1922 7th Avenue South, Birmingham, AL, USA.
Doyle M CummingsDepartment of Family Medicine, East Carolina University, 101 Heart Drive, Greenville, NC, USA.
April P CarsonDepartment of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1720 2nd Ave South, Birmingham, AL, USA.
University of Alabama at Birmingham · USCornell University · USEast Carolina University · USUniversity of Tennessee Health Science Center · US

Funding

VCID and Stroke in a Bi-racial National CohortU01NS041588 · NINDS · UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA AT BIRMINGHAM · PI CUSHMAN, MARY, HOWARD, GEORGE · 2002 to 2022
$96.0M
NINDS NIH HHS U01 NS041588
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aimsTo examine the association of elevated depressive symptoms with all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality and determine whether these associations differ for those with and without diabetes.

methodsWe included 22,807 black and white men and women aged 45-98 years at baseline (2003-2007) from the REasons for Geographic And Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) Study. Elevated depressive symptoms were defined as a score ≥ 4 on the 4-item Centers for Epidemiologic Studies of Depression Scale. Participants were classified as having diabetes, prediabetes, or no prediabetes/diabetes based on glucose levels and diabetes medication use. All-cause mortality events were available through 2018 and adjudicated CVD mortality events were available through 2015.

resultsDuring follow-up, there were 5383 all-cause deaths, of which 1585 were adjudicated CVD deaths. The mean survival time was lower for participants with elevated depressive symptoms than those without elevated depressive symptoms for those with diabetes, prediabetes, and no prediabetes/diabetes. In multivariable adjusted models, elevated depressive symptoms increased the risk of all-cause mortality for those with diabetes (HR = 1.15; 95% CI = 1.00-1.32), prediabetes (HR = 1.56; 95% CI = 1.28-1.91), and neither prediabetes/diabetes (HR = 1.34; 95% CI = 1.19-1.50) (p for interaction = 0.0342). Findings were similar for CVD mortality.

conclusionElevated depressive symptoms increased the risk of all-cause and CVD mortality among individuals with and without diabetes, with a stronger magnitude of association observed among those with prediabetes. This underscores the need for assessing depressive symptoms across the glycemic spectrum, including those with prediabetes.

Indexed as

AdultAgedAged, 80 and overBlack or African AmericanCardiovascular DiseasesCause of DeathDepressionDiabetes ComplicationsFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedProportional Hazards ModelsRisk FactorsSurvival RateWhite PeopleDepressionDiabetesMortality

Identifiers

PMID32684424
PMCPMC8451949
OpenAlexW3041077221

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.