ArticleBMC family practice2020
Development of type 2 diabetes mellitus quality indicators in general practice by a modified Delphi method in Beijing, China.
Article in BMC family practice, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 15 citations in OpenAlex.
- A core competency framework for healthcare workers to deliver basic public health service in primary healthcare settings in China.Communications medicine · 2026Article
- Construction of an index system for workplace services by family doctors in China: a two-round Delphi study.BMC primary care · 2026Article
- Development of the Diabetes Burnout Scale for patients with type 2 diabetes: a modified Delphi study.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- Developing a professional competency framework for general practitioners in tertiary hospitals in China: a modified Delphi study.BMJ open · 2025Article
- Article
- Process quality of type 2 diabetes mellitus care and association with patient perceived attributes of family doctor service in urban general practices, Beijing, China.BMC primary care · 2022Article
- Conditions required to ensure successful detection and management of mild cognitive impairment in primary care: A Delphi consultation study in China.Frontiers in public health · 2022Article
- Development of a competency model for general practitioners after standardized residency training in China by a modified Delphi method.BMC family practice · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe service capacity of primary care has improved in China. General practice also takes growing responsibility in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus, but there are concerns about the paucity of evidence of the quality of care delivered. And there is an absence of systematic quality indicators of type 2 diabetes mellitus in general practice in China. This study aimed to develop a set of type 2 diabetes mellitus quality indicators to facilitate quality measurement in general practice in China.
methodsPreliminary quality indicators were generated and refined by literature review and an expert consultation meeting. Two rounds of email-based Delphi survey and a consensus meeting were carried out to identify quality indicators. Delphi questionnaires with 43 indicators were sent to 30 participants in the first round. There were 16 general practitioners and 10 community health service center leaders from primary care, 3 endocrinologists and a primary care researcher in the first round. And 27 out of the 30 participants participated in the second round. The consensus meeting was held among 9 participants to refine the indicators and a last round of rating was carried out in the meeting. The indicators were rated in terms of importance and feasibility. The agreement criteria were defined as median ≥ 7.0 and ≥ 85.0% of ratings in the 7-9 tertile for importance; median ≥ 7.0 and ≥ 65.0, 70.0, 75.0% of ratings in the 7-9 tertile for feasibility respectively in the three rounds of rating.
resultsAfter 2 rounds of Delphi survey and the consensus meeting, total 38 indicators achieved consensus for inclusion in the final set of indicators. The final set of indicators were grouped into 7 domains: access (5 indicators), monitoring (12 indicators), health counseling (7 indicators), records (2 indicators), health status (7 indicators), patient satisfaction (2 indicators) and self-management (3 indicators).
conclusionsA set of 38 potential quality indicators of type 2 diabetes mellitus in general practice were identified by an iterative Delphi process in Beijing, China. Preliminary approach for measurement and data collection were described. However, the indicators still need to be validated by testing in a further study.
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