ArticleGenome biology2020
Assembly of the threespine stickleback Y chromosome reveals convergent signatures of sex chromosome evolution.
Article in Genome biology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 99 papers.
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99 citing papers in PubMed, 169 citations in OpenAlex.
- Genomic Signatures of Selection Are Enriched in Differentially Expressed Genes in Sticklebacks Adapting to Contrasting Environments.Genome biology and evolution · 2026Article
- Complete sequencing of medaka genomes reveals the architecture of centromeric satellites, giant mobile elements, and sex chromosomes.Genome research · 2026Article
- Selective Regimes and Evolutionary Dynamics of Z and W Gametologs Across an Expanded Avian Neo-Sex Chromosome.Genome biology and evolution · 2026Article
- Parallel adaptation to geothermally-warmed habitats due to common structural variation and functional developmental pathways.Nature communications · 2026Article
- A highly contiguous chromosome-level genome assembly of the Chilean jack mackerel Trachurus murphyi.Scientific data · 2026Article
- Evolution of a ZW sex determination system in sticklebacks.Science advances · 2026Article
- Rapid and repeated evolution of myosin copy number in threespine stickleback.Current biology : CB · 2026Article
- Chromosome-scale genome assembly of the South American fruit fly, Anastrepha fraterculus sp.1.Insect science · 2026Article
- Sex chromosome evolution mediated by a large inversion and a possible switch of the sex determination gene.Genome biology · 2026Article
- The tortured past of young polymorphic sex chromosomes revealed through multiplebioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Article
- Shared and Unique Patterns of Genomic Differentiation and Introgression Between Japanese Stickleback Species Across Three Sympatric Sites.Molecular ecology · 2026Article
- Changes in gene regulation are associated with the evolution of resistance to a novel parasite.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Sex-specific functional evolution of Dmrt1 in African clawed frogs (Xenopus), and the importance of genetic tipping points in developmental biology.PLoS genetics · 2026Article
- amh alleles on XY sex chromosomes regulate male differentiation in amphidiploid Carassius auratus.Science China. Life sciences · 2026Article
- Rapid and repeated evolution of myosin copy number in threespine stickleback.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Gap-Free T2T assemblies of Micropterus salmoides identify a Y-Linked SV hotspot underlying sexual dimorphism.BMC genomics · 2025Article
- 3D Genome Constrains Breakpoints of Inversions That Can Act as Barriers to Gene Flow in the Stickleback.Molecular ecology · 2025Article
- Coexistence in Sympatry With Gene Flow Before Speciation Has Completed.Molecular ecology · 2025Article
- A Y-linked duplication of anti-Mullerian hormone is the sex determination gene in threespine stickleback.PLoS genetics · 2025Article
39 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 7 institutions in 3 countries.
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Abstract
backgroundHeteromorphic sex chromosomes have evolved repeatedly across diverse species. Suppression of recombination between X and Y chromosomes leads to degeneration of the Y chromosome. The progression of degeneration is not well understood, as complete sequence assemblies of heteromorphic Y chromosomes have only been generated across a handful of taxa with highly degenerate sex chromosomes. Here, we describe the assembly of the threespine stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) Y chromosome, which is less than 26 million years old and at an intermediate stage of degeneration. Our previous work identified that the non-recombining region between the X and the Y spans approximately 17.5 Mb on the X chromosome.
resultsWe combine long-read sequencing with a Hi-C-based proximity guided assembly to generate a 15.87 Mb assembly of the Y chromosome. Our assembly is concordant with cytogenetic maps and Sanger sequences of over 90 Y chromosome BAC clones. We find three evolutionary strata on the Y chromosome, consistent with the three inversions identified by our previous cytogenetic analyses. The threespine stickleback Y shows convergence with more degenerate sex chromosomes in the retention of haploinsufficient genes and the accumulation of genes with testis-biased expression, many of which are recent duplicates. However, we find no evidence for large amplicons identified in other sex chromosome systems. We also report an excellent candidate for the master sex-determination gene: a translocated copy of Amh (Amhy).
conclusionsTogether, our work shows that the evolutionary forces shaping sex chromosomes can cause relatively rapid changes in the overall genetic architecture of Y chromosomes.
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