Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32684124›Full record

ArticlemAbs

COBRA™: a highly potent conditionally active T cell engager engineered for the treatment of solid tumors.

Anand Panchal, Pui Seto, Russell Wall, Brian J Hillier, Ying Zhu, Jessica Krakow, Aakash Datt, Elizabeth Pongo, Andisheh Bagheri, Tseng-Hui T Chen and 6 more

Open access · goldAbstract readVideo-Audio Media
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in mAbs. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 43 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
43citing papers in PubMed
3.1field-weighted citation impact, top 6% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

43 citing papers in PubMed, 51 citations in OpenAlex.

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  8. Conditionally Activatable Antibody Platforms: Mechanisms, Modalities, and Clinical Translation Potential.BioDrugs : clinical immunotherapeutics, biopharmaceuticals and gene therapy · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

16 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Anand PanchalResearch and Discovery, Maverick Therapeutics , Brisbane, CA, USA.
Pui SetoResearch and Discovery, Maverick Therapeutics , Brisbane, CA, USA.
Russell WallResearch and Discovery, Maverick Therapeutics , Brisbane, CA, USA.
Brian J HillierResearch and Discovery, Maverick Therapeutics , Brisbane, CA, USA.
Ying ZhuResearch and Discovery, Maverick Therapeutics , Brisbane, CA, USA.
Jessica KrakowResearch and Discovery, Maverick Therapeutics , Brisbane, CA, USA.
Aakash DattResearch and Development, Maverick Therapeutics , Brisbane, CA, USA.
Elizabeth PongoResearch and Discovery, Maverick Therapeutics , Brisbane, CA, USA.
Andisheh BagheriResearch and Discovery, Maverick Therapeutics , Brisbane, CA, USA.
Tseng-Hui T ChenResearch and Discovery, Maverick Therapeutics , Brisbane, CA, USA.
Jeremiah D DegenhardtResearch and Development, Maverick Therapeutics , Brisbane, CA, USA.
Patricia A CulpResearch and Discovery, Maverick Therapeutics , Brisbane, CA, USA.
Danielle E DettlingResearch and Development, Maverick Therapeutics , Brisbane, CA, USA.
Maia V VinogradovaResearch and Discovery, Maverick Therapeutics , Brisbane, CA, USA.
Chad MayResearch and Development, Maverick Therapeutics , Brisbane, CA, USA.
Robert B DuBridgeResearch and Discovery, Maverick Therapeutics , Brisbane, CA, USA.
United Therapeutics (United States) · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Conditionally active COBRA™ (COnditional Bispecific Redirected Activation) T cell engagers are engineered to overcome the limitations of inherently active first-generation T cell engagers, which are unable to discern between tumor and healthy tissues. Designed to be administered as prodrugs, COBRAs target cell surface antigens upon administration, but engage T cells only after they are activated within the tumor microenvironment (TME). This allows COBRAs to be preferentially turned on in tumors while safely remaining inactive in healthy tissue. Here, we describe the development of the COBRA design and the characterization of these conditionally active T cell engagers. Upon administration COBRAs are engineered to bind to tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) and serum albumin (to extend their half-life in circulation), but are inhibited from interacting with the T cell receptor complex signaling molecule CD3. In the TME, a matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-mediated linker cleavage event occurs within the COBRA construct, which rearranges the molecule, allowing it to co-engage TAAs and CD3, thereby activating T cells against the tumor. COBRAs are conditionally activated through cleavage with MMP9, and once active are highly potent, displaying sub-pM EC

Indexed as

Antibodies, BispecificAntigens, NeoplasmAntineoplastic Agents, ImmunologicalImmunotherapyLymphocyte ActivationAnimalsHT29 CellsHumansJurkat CellsMiceMice, Inbred NODMice, SCIDNeoplasms, ExperimentalProtein EngineeringT-LymphocytesXenograft Model Antitumor AssaysAntibodies, BispecificAntigens, NeoplasmAntineoplastic Agents, ImmunologicalbispecificCOBRAconditionalEGFRprotease activatedSolid tumorT cell engager

Identifiers

PMID32684124
PMCPMC7531513
OpenAlexW3042785515

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.