ArticleJournal of community health2021
Early Childhood Development Risks and Protective Factors in Vulnerable Preschool Children from Low-Income Communities in South Africa.
Article in Journal of community health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- Preliminary Testing of the English Version of the Adolescent Screener for Intelligence and Learning Disabilities (SCIL) Among Adolescents in Nigeria.Journal of intellectual disability research : JIDR · 2026Article
- The Buffering Effect of Caregiver Education on Early Childhood Development in Low-Income Households: Evidence from Indonesia.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- School readiness and its determinants among children 4 to 6 years in Zanzibar: a baseline population-based cross-sectional survey.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Socioeconomic and maternal mental health factors associated with the parenting and development of children in an early childhood promotion program: analysis via structural equation modeling.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Household chaos and preschool migrant children's self-regulation: the mediating role of parent-child conflict and the moderating role of mindful parenting.Frontiers in psychology · 2025Article
- The multisystemic roots of South African child and youth resilience: A scoping review.PloS one · 2025Article
- Challenges to infection control in early communication intervention: A scoping review.The South African journal of communication disorders = Die Suid-Afrikaanse tydskrif vir Kommunikasieafwykings · 2022Article
- Developmental delay in a resource-constrained environment: Screening, surveillance and diagnostic assessment.South African family practice : official journal of the South African Academy of Family Practice/Primary Care · 2021Article
- Review
- Measuring resilience in young children: The Child and Youth Resilience Measure- Early Childhood (CYRM-EC).Early childhood research quarterlyArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Age-appropriate early childhood development is greatly influenced by exposure to various mediating and moderating factors. Developmental outcomes cannot be viewed in isolation, but by considering the interaction of the various risks and protective factors that influence early child development. A non-experimental, cross-sectional research design was employed. Data was collected in a low-income community in Gauteng, South Africa. Caregivers with children (n = 276) between the ages of 3 years and 6 years 11 months (mean 51.57 months; SD ± 12.4) whose children were in a preschool were invited to participate in the research study. Participants were divided into two groups, children with developmental delays and children without a developmental delay. The study sample included high risk, vulnerable preschool children, with a developmental delay prevalence of 80.1% (221/276). Families included were exposed to an average of five (SD ± 1.86) environmental and/or biological risks. According to a logistic regression model, three factors were significantly associated with increasing resilience amongst children with no developmental delay: living with both parents (p < 0.031, OR 4.5, 95% CI 1.2-17.2), caregivers having at least completed Grade 8 to 12 (p < 0.027, OR 11.9, 95% CI 1.4-10.5) and parents being married (p < 0.023, OR 5.1, 95% CI 1.3-20.9). Important protective factors in low-income communities like caregiver education, living with both parents and parental marriage can inform public health messaging and other population-based interventions to support early childhood development.
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