ArticleBiology of blood and marrow transplantation : journal of the American Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation2020
Anaerobic Antibiotics and the Risk of Graft-versus-Host Disease after Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation.
Article in Biology of blood and marrow transplantation : journal of the American Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06342115 (Ceftolozane/Tazobactam Versus Meropenem for Febrile Neutropenia on Patients Colonized With or at Risk for Infection With Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase), which is not on this map. Cited by 33 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Ceftolozane/Tazobactam Versus Meropenem for Febrile Neutropenia on Patients Colonized With or at Risk for Infection With Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase (ESBL)-Producing Pathogens: a Randomized Double-blind Non-inferiority Trial.
Who cites it
33 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 56 citations in OpenAlex.
- The association of intestinal microbiota diversity and outcomes of allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Annals of hematology · 2023Pooled it
- The gut microbiome in graft-versus-host disease: mechanisms of immune modulation and therapeutic approaches.Gut microbes · 2026Review
- The Role of the Gut Microbiota in Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation.American journal of hematology · 2026Review
- The intestinal microbiota as a key modulator of acute graft-versus-host disease.Nature reviews. Cancer · 2026Review
- Antibiotic risk score for acute graft-versus-host disease.Blood advances · 2026Article
- Antibiotic use: impact on the microbiome and cellular therapy outcomes.Blood advances · 2025Review
- MH002, a Novel Butyrate-Producing Consortium of Six Commensal Bacterial Strains Has Immune-Modulatory and Mucosal-Healing Properties.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- A Literature Review on the Impact of the Gut Microbiome on Cancer Treatment Efficacy, Disease Evolution and Toxicity: The Implications for Hematological Malignancies.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Duration of Hospitalization is Associated with the Gut Microbiome in Patients Undergoing Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: Early Results from a Randomized Trial of Home Versus Hospital Transplantation.OBM transplantation · 2025Article
- Multimodal analysis identifies microbiome changes linked to stem cell transplantation-associated diseases.Microbiome · 2024Article
- Impact of ExogenousAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Review
- Article
- Fecal microbiota transplantation: current challenges and future landscapes.Clinical microbiology reviews · 2024Review
- The Microbiome and Pediatric Transplantation.Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society · 2024Review
- Gut microbiota, microbiota-derived metabolites, and graft-versus-host disease.Cancer medicine · 2024Review
- Pulmonary microbiome and transcriptome signatures reveal distinct pathobiologic states associated with mortality in two cohorts of pediatric stem cell transplant patients.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2023Article
- High Diversity but Monodominance of Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria in Immunocompromised Pediatric Patients with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Developing GVHD Are Not Associated with Changes in Gut Mycobiome.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Analysis of Antibiotic Exposure and Development of Acute Graft-vs-Host Disease Following Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation.JAMA network open · 2023Article
- Challenges and Opportunities in Antimicrobial Stewardship among Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant and Oncology Patients.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
18 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Certain anaerobic bacteria are important for maintenance of gut barrier integrity and immune tolerance and may influence the risk of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). We conducted a single-center retrospective cohort study of allogeneic HSCT recipients to evaluate associations between receipt of antibiotics with an anaerobic spectrum of activity and GVHD outcomes. We identified 1214 children and adults who developed febrile neutropenia between 7 days before and 28 days after HSCT and compared GVHD risk and mortality among patients who received anaerobic antibiotics (piperacillin-tazobactam or carbapenems; n = 491) to patients who received only antibiotics with minimal activity against anaerobes (aztreonam, cefepime, or ceftazidime; n = 723). We performed metagenomic sequencing of serial fecal samples from 36 pediatric patients to compare the effects of specific antibiotics on the gut metagenome. Receipt of anaerobic antibiotics was associated with higher hazards of acute gut/liver GVHD (hazard ratio [HR], 1.26; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.03 to 1.54) and acute GVHD mortality (HR, 1.63; 95% CI, 1.08 to 2.46), but not chronic GVHD diagnosis (HR, 1.04; 95% CI: .84 to 1.28) or chronic GVHD mortality (HR, .88; 95% CI, .53 to 1.45). Anaerobic antibiotics resulted in decreased gut bacterial diversity, reduced abundances of Bifidobacteriales and Clostridiales, and loss of bacterial genes encoding butyrate biosynthesis enzymes from the gut metagenome. Acute gut/liver GVHD was preceded by a sharp decline in bacterial butyrate biosynthesis genes with antibiotic treatment. Our findings demonstrate that exposure to anaerobic antibiotics is associated with increased risks of acute gut/liver GVHD and acute GVHD mortality after allogeneic HSCT. Use of piperacillin-tazobactam or carbapenems should be reserved for febrile neutropenia cases in which anaerobic or multidrug-resistant infections are suspected.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.