ArticleNeuropsychologia2020
How words ripple through bilingual hands: Motor-language coupling during L1 and L2 writing.
Article in Neuropsychologia, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed.
- The Embodied Simulation of L2 Grammatical Aspect: Proficiency-Dependent Evidence from the Action-Sentence Compatibility Effect.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- See what I mean? Reading visual verbs modulates ocular dynamics.Language, cognition and neuroscience · 2025Article
- Processing L2 action verbs shares the same mechanisms for processing L1 items: evidence from a combined behavioral and MEG study.Frontiers in psychology · 2025Article
- Embodied Semantics: Early Simultaneous Motor Grounding in First and Second Languages.Brain sciences · 2024Article
- Horizontal mapping of time-related words in first and second language.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Ecological Meanings: A Consensus Paper on Individual Differences and Contextual Influences in Embodied Language.Journal of cognition · 2023Article
- The embodied typist: Bimanual actions are modulated by words' implied motility and number of evoked limbs.PloS one · 2023Article
- How words ripple through bilingual hands: Motor-language coupling during L1 and L2 writing.Neuropsychologia · 2020Article
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7 authors.
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Abstract
The speed of our hand movements can be affected by concurrent processing of manual action verbs (MaVs). Whereas this phenomenon is well established for native languages (L1s), it remains underexplored in late foreign languages (L2s), especially during highly automatized tasks. Here we timed keystroke activity while Spanish-English bilinguals copied MaVs, non-manual action verbs, and non-action verbs in their L1 and L2. Motor planning and execution dynamics were indexed by first-letter lag (the time-lapse between word presentation and first keystroke) and whole-word lag (the time-lapse between first and last keystroke), respectively. Despite yielding no effects on motor planning, MaVs facilitated typing execution in L1 but delayed it in L2, irrespective of the subjects' typing skills, age of L2 learning, and L2 competence. Therefore, motor-language coupling effects seem to be present in both languages though they can arise differently in each. These results extend language grounding models, illuminating the role of embodied mechanisms throughout life.
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