Trial reportCerebellum (London, England)2020
Cerebellar Intermittent Theta-Burst Stimulation Combined with Vestibular Rehabilitation Improves Gait and Balance in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis: a Preliminary Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial.
Trial report in Cerebellum (London, England), 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 54 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effects of non-invasive brain stimulation on balance control in patients with multiple sclerosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Pooled it
- Theta-burst stimulation as a therapeutic tool in neurological pathology: a systematic review.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2024Pooled it
- The Effect of Cerebellar rTMS on Modulating Motor Dysfunction in Neurological Disorders: a Systematic Review.Cerebellum (London, England) · 2023Pooled it
- Efficacy of non-invasive brain stimulation on cognitive and motor functions in multiple sclerosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in neurology · 2023Pooled it
- Repeated transcranial magnetic stimulation on the bilateral cerebellum to improve symptoms of ataxia with multiple system atrophy: a prospective, randomized, sham-controlled pilot study.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2025Trial
- Cognitive-motor dual-task training improves dynamic stability during straight and curved gait in patients with multiple sclerosis: a randomized controlled trial.European journal of physical and rehabilitation medicine · 2024Trial
- Vestibular Rehabilitation Improves Gait Quality and Activities of Daily Living in People with Severe Traumatic Brain Injury: A Randomized Clinical Trial.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Trial
- Cerebellar rTMS in PSP: a Double-Blind Sham-Controlled Study Using Mobile Health Technology.Cerebellum (London, England) · 2021Trial
- The Potential of Rehabilitation to Amplify Experience-Induced Myelin Plasticity and Remyelination in Multiple Sclerosis: A Narrative Review.Current neurology and neuroscience reports · 2026Review
- Effects of combined cerebellar tACS-iTBS in individuals with ataxia (EtABeta): a crossover investigation.Trials · 2026Article
- Advances in Cerebellar TMS Therapy: An Updated Systematic Review on Multi-Session Interventions.Biomedicines · 2025Review
- Knowledge, Barriers, and Future Directions of Vestibular Rehabilitation Practice in Neurorehabilitation: An Italian Survey.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Abnormal Vestibulo-Ocular Reflex Function Correlates with Balance and Gait Impairment in People with Multiple Sclerosis.Audiology research · 2024Article
- Scientometric Research and Critical Analysis of Gait and Balance in Older Adults.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Global research hotspots and trends of theta burst stimulation from 2004 to 2023: a bibliometric analysis.Frontiers in neurology · 2024Article
- Instrumental assessment of dynamic postural stability in patients with unilateral vestibular hypofunction during straight, curved, and blindfolded gait.European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery · 2024Article
- An Update on the Measurement of Motor Cerebellar Dysfunction in Multiple Sclerosis.Cerebellum (London, England) · 2023Review
- The immediate effects of iTBS on the muscle activation pattern under challenging balance conditions in the patients with chronic low back pain: A preliminary study.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2023Article
- Cerebellar Contributions to Motor Impairments in People with Multiple Sclerosis.Cerebellum (London, England) · 2022Review
- Simultaneous transcranial electrical and magnetic stimulation boost gamma oscillations in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex.Scientific reports · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Difficulties in gait and balance disorders are among the most common mobility limitations in multiple sclerosis (MS), mainly due to a damage of cerebellar circuits. Moreover, the cerebellum plays a critical role in promoting new motor tasks, which is an essential function for neurorehabilitation. In this study, we investigated the effects of cerebellar intermittent theta burst stimulation (c-iTBS), a high-frequency rTMS protocol able to increase cerebellar activity, on gait and balance in a sample of 20 hospitalized participants with MS, undergoing vestibular rehabilitation (VR), an exercise-based program primarily designed to reduce vertigo and dizziness, gaze instability, and/or imbalance and falls in MS. Patients were assigned to receive either c-iTBS or sham iTBS before being treated with VR during 2 weeks. VR consisted of two types of training: gaze stability and postural stability exercises. The primary outcome measure was the change from baseline in the Tinetti Balance and Gait scale (TBG). The secondary outcome measures were changes from baseline in Berg Balance Scale (BBS), Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS), Two Minute Walking Test (2MWT), and Timed 25-ft walk test (T25FW) scales. MS patients treated with c-iTBS-VR showed a significant improvement in the TBG as compared to patients treated with sham iTBS-VR. Moreover, MS patients in the c-iTBS groups showed better performances in the vestibular-ocular reflex exercises. Combined c-iTBS and VR improves gait and balance abilities more than standard VR treatment in MS patients with a high level of disability.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.