ArticlePharmaceutical research2020
Ion Pair Strategy in Solid Lipid Nanoparticles: a Targeted Approach to Improve Epidermal Targeting with Controlled Adapalene Release, Resulting Reduced Skin Irritation.
Article in Pharmaceutical research, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 17 citations in OpenAlex.
- Lipid-Based Nanocarriers as a Promising Delivery System in the Management of Acne.Current pharmaceutical design · 2026Review
- Hydrogel-Nanolipid Formulations for the Complex Anti-Inflammatory and Antimicrobial Therapy of Periodontitis.Pharmaceutics · 2025Article
- Liposomes and Other Nanocarriers for the Treatment of Acne Vulgaris: Improved Therapeutic Efficacy and Skin Tolerability.Pharmaceutics · 2024Review
- A Comprehensive Review of the Strategies to Reduce Retinoid-Induced Skin Irritation in Topical Formulation.Dermatology research and practice · 2024Review
- Biological Evaluation of the Antibacterial Retinoid CD437 in Cutibacterium acnes Infection.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2023Article
- Chondroitin sulfate-functionalized lipid nanoreservoirs: a novel cartilage-targeting approach for intra-articular delivery of cassic acid for osteoarthritis treatment.Drug delivery · 2022Article
- Ion Pairs for Transdermal and Dermal Drug Delivery: A Review.Pharmaceutics · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
purposeAdapalene (AD) is one of the main retinoids used in the topical therapy of acne, an extremely common skin disease usually associated with psychological morbidity. However, like other retinoids, AD is frequently associated with skin irritation. To overcome the skin irritation, we proposed the encapsulation of AD in solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) using the ion pair strategy.
methodsThe developed SLN-AD was characterized by high-performance liquid chromatography, differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray diffraction, synchrotron small-angle X-ray scattering, and transmission electron microscopy. In vitro permeation tests using porcine skin and in vivo mice skin irritation test were performed to evaluate, respectively, the drug's skin distribution and the skin irritation.
resultsThe characterization studies were able to demonstrate that the proposed strategy effectively provided high AD encapsulation in SLNs and its incorporation into a hydrophilic gel. Sustained release, epidermal targeting, and less skin irritation were observed for SLN-AD gel in comparison to the marketed AD gel.
conclusionsThe studies demonstrated that the encapsulation of AD in SLNs through the formation of an ion pair is a valuable alternative to diminish the adverse skin reactions caused by AD and can optimize patient adherence to treatment.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.