ArticleScientific reports2020
The understanding of congruent and incongruent referential gaze in 17-month-old infants: an eye-tracking study comparing human and robot.
Article in Scientific reports, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 9 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- Social robots in research on social and cognitive development in infants and toddlers: A scoping review.PloS one · 2024Article
- Early Recognition and Intervention in SIBlingS at High Risk for Neurodevelopment Disorders (ERI-SIBS): a controlled trial of an innovative and ecological intervention for siblings of children with autism spectrum disorder.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2024Article
- Virtual agents and risk-taking behavior in adolescence: the twofold nature of nudging.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Human-Like Movements of Industrial Robots Positively Impact Observer Perception.International journal of social robotics · 2022Article
- Age-Related Differences in the Perception of Robotic Referential Gaze in Human-Robot Interaction.International journal of social robotics · 2022Article
- General and own-species attentional face biases.Attention, perception & psychophysics · 2021Article
- How attitudes generated by humanoid robots shape human brain activity.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- A Robot Is Not Worth Another: Exploring Children's Mental State Attribution to Different Humanoid Robots.Frontiers in psychology · 2020Article
- The Psychosocial Fuzziness of Fear in the Coronavirus (COVID-19) Era and the Role of Robots.Frontiers in psychology · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
8 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Several studies have shown that the human gaze, but not the robot gaze, has significant effects on infant social cognition and facilitate social engagement. The present study investigates early understanding of the referential nature of gaze by comparing-through the eye-tracking technique-infants' response to human and robot's gaze. Data were acquired on thirty-two 17-month-old infants, watching four video clips, where either a human or a humanoid robot performed an action on a target. The agent's gaze was either turned to the target (congruent) or opposite to it (incongruent). The results generally showed that, independent of the agent, the infants attended longer at the face area compared to the hand and target. Additionally, the effect of referential gaze on infants' attention to the target was greater when infants watched the human compared to the robot's action. These results suggest the presence, in infants, of two distinct levels of gaze-following mechanisms: one recognizing the other as a potential interactive partner, the second recognizing partner's agency. In this study, infants recognized the robot as a potential interactive partner, whereas ascribed agency more readily to the human, thus suggesting that the process of generalizability of gazing behaviour to non-humans is not immediate.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.