ArticleJournal of neuroinflammation2020
Neuroinflammation is associated with infiltration of T cells in Lewy body disease and α-synuclein transgenic models.
Article in Journal of neuroinflammation, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It has been retracted, and should not be counted. Cited by 60 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
60 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 128 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pathological Role of Natural Killer Cells in Parkinson's Disease: A Systematic Review.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2022Pooled it
- Pre-clinical Studies Identifying Molecular Pathways of Neuroinflammation in Parkinson's Disease: A Systematic Review.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2022Pooled it
- Preclinical evaluation of nitrated α-synuclein-specific CAR-Treg therapy in Parkinson's disease.Cell reports. Medicine · 2026Article
- Recent advances in Alzheimer's disease: From molecular mechanisms to therapeutic strategies.Cell · 2026Review
- Engineered neuronal exosomes mediate α-synuclein clearance to ameliorate Parkinson's disease.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2026Article
- Toxic Alpha-Synuclein and the Opening of the Gate: Blood-Brain Barrier Damage and Stepwise Leukocyte Infiltration.Cellular and molecular neurobiology · 2026Review
- Immune signaling and function in neurodegeneration.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2026Review
- Imaging spatial transcriptomics reveals molecular patterns underlying accumulation of p-Ser129 α-synuclein in a transgenic mouse model.NPJ Parkinson's disease · 2026Article
- Autoimmune signatures in neurodegenerative dementias: from peripheral immune activation to CNS pathology.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Ferroptosis-immune crosstalk in CNS diseases: mechanisms and translational insights.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Heterogeneity in the association between gut microbiota and insomnia moderated by Parkinson's disease status.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Article
- Montelukast alleviates neuroinflammation and improves motor functions in the line 61 model of Parkinson's disease: An exploratory study.Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics · 2025Article
- Integrative Mendelian randomization for detecting exposure-by-group interactions using group-specific and combined summary statistics.PLoS genetics · 2025Article
- Role of astrocyte in neuroinflammation-induced loss in neuroplasticity and subsequent onset of depression: A systematic review.Neuroprotection (Chichester, England) · 2025Review
- Article
- Multi-omics machine learning classifier and blood transcriptomic signature of Parkinson's disease.Research square · 2025Article
- Hypometabolic mismatch with atrophy and tau pathology in mixed Alzheimer's and Lewy body disease.Brain : a journal of neurology · 2025Article
- The microbiota-gut-brain axis: a potential target in the small-molecule compounds and gene therapeutic strategies for Parkinson's disease.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2025Review
- Abatacept inhibits Th17 differentiation and mitigates α-synuclein-induced dopaminergic dysfunction in mice.Molecular psychiatry · 2025Article
- Intermittent Fasting Improves Social Interaction and Decreases Inflammatory Markers in Cortex and Hippocampus.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
- Retraction · 2026-08-22Concerns/Issues about Data · Concerns/Issues about Image · Duplication of/in Image · Investigation by Journal/Publisher · Investigation by Third Party · Objections by Author(s) · Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions · · see also: https://pubpeer.com/publications/C61E18B0E193852039012BB9834399
- Retracted
Authors and funding
10 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundα-Synuclein (α-syn) is a pre-synaptic protein which progressively accumulates in neuronal and non-neuronal cells in neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's disease (PD), dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), and multiple system atrophy. Recent evidence suggests that aberrant immune activation may be involved in neurodegeneration in PD/DLB. While previous studies have often focused on the microglial responses, less is known about the role of the peripheral immune system in these disorders.
methodsTo understand the involvement of the peripheral immune system in PD/DLB, we evaluated T cell populations in the brains of α-syn transgenic (tg) mice (e.g., Thy1 promoter line 61) and DLB patients.
resultsImmunohistochemical analysis showed perivascular and parenchymal infiltration by CD3+/CD4+ helper T cells, but not cytotoxic T cells (CD3+/CD8+) or B cells (CD20+), in the neocortex, hippocampus, and striatum of α-syn tg mice. CD3+ cells were found in close proximity to the processes of activated astroglia, particularly in areas of the brain with significant astrogliosis, microgliosis, and expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines. In addition, a subset of CD3+ cells co-expressed interferon γ. Flow cytometric analysis of immune cells in the brains of α-syn tg mice revealed that CD1d-tet+ T cells were also increased in the brains of α-syn tg mice suggestive of natural killer T cells. In post-mortem DLB brains, we similarly detected increased numbers of infiltrating CD3+/CD4+ T cells in close proximity with blood vessels.
conclusionThese results suggest that infiltrating adaptive immune cells play an important role in neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration in synucleinopathies and that modulating peripheral T cells may be a viable therapeutic strategy for PD/DLB.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.