ArticleJournal of neurotrauma2021
Nanoparticle-Based Estrogen Delivery to Spinal Cord Injury Site Reduces Local Parenchymal Destruction and Improves Functional Recovery.
Article in Journal of neurotrauma, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 29 citations in OpenAlex.
- Therapeutical efficacy of nanofibrous polycaprolactone-amniotic membrane loaded with 8% celecoxib in peripheral nerve injury: modulating the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Article
- Immune Roles of Canonically Non-Immune Cells in Biomaterials Response.Cell biomaterials · 2026Article
- Focal Estrogen Therapy in Male Rats Promotes Neuronal Survival and Reduces Denervation Atrophy After Spinal Cord Injury via Modulation of β-Catenin and NF-κB.Neurochemical research · 2026Article
- AAD-2004 through clearing HScientific reports · 2025Article
- Biomaterials for CNS disorders: a review of development from traditional methods to AI-assisted optimization.Journal of materials science. Materials in medicine · 2025Review
- Modular molecular design of polymerized pro-estrogen materials enables controlled astrocyte response.Journal of materials chemistry. B · 2025Article
- Hormonal regulatory networks in spinal cord injury: mechanistic insights, crosstalk, and therapeutic innovations.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Review
- Regulation of dynamic spatiotemporal inflammation by nanomaterials in spinal cord injury.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2024Review
- Induction of Neural Differentiation and Protection by a Novel Slow-Release Nanoparticle Estrogen Construct in a Rat Model of Spinal Cord Injury.Neurochemical research · 2024Article
- Pharmacological interventions targeting the microcirculation following traumatic spinal cord injury.Neural regeneration research · 2024Review
- A comprehensive look at the psychoneuroimmunoendocrinology of spinal cord injury and its progression: mechanisms and clinical opportunities.Military Medical Research · 2023Review
- Clemastine in remyelination and protection of neurons and skeletal muscle after spinal cord injury.Neural regeneration research · 2023Review
- Pathophysiology and Therapeutic Approaches for Spinal Cord Injury.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Premarin Reduces Neurodegeneration and Promotes Improvement of Function in an Animal Model of Spinal Cord Injury.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Reverse Adverse Immune Microenvironments by Biomaterials Enhance the Repair of Spinal Cord Injury.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2022Review
- Protective role of ethyl pyruvate in spinal cord injury by inhibiting the high mobility group box-1/toll-like receptor4/nuclear factor-kappa B signaling pathway.Frontiers in molecular neuroscience · 2022Review
- Protective Effects of Estrogen via Nanoparticle Delivery to Attenuate Myelin Loss and Neuronal Death after Spinal Cord Injury.Neurochemical research · 2021Article
- Neural Stem Cells Overexpressing Nerve Growth Factor Improve Functional Recovery in Rats Following Spinal Cord Injury via Modulating Microenvironment and Enhancing Endogenous Neurogenesis.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2021Article
- Pathophysiology, Biomarkers, and Therapeutic Modalities Associated with Skeletal Muscle Loss Following Spinal Cord Injury.Brain sciences · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) patients sustain significant functional impairments; this is causally related to restricted neuronal regeneration after injury. The ensuing reactive gliosis, inflammatory cascade, and glial scar formation impede axonal regrowth. Although systemic anti-inflammatory agents (steroids) have been previously administered to counteract this, no current therapeutic is approved for post-injury neuronal regeneration, in part because of related side effects. Likewise, therapeutic systemic estrogen levels exhibit neuroprotective properties, but dose-dependent side effects are prohibitive. The current study thus uses low-dose estrogen delivery to the spinal cord injury (SCI) site using an agarose gel patch embedded with estrogen-loaded nanoparticles. Compared to controls, spinal cords from rodents treated with nanoparticle site-directed estrogen demonstrated significantly decreased post-injury lesion size, reactive gliosis, and glial scar formation. However, axonal regeneration, vascular endothelial growth factor production, and glial-cell-derived neurotrophic factor levels were increased with estrogen administration. Concomitantly improved locomotor and bladder functional recovery were observed with estrogen administration after injury. Therefore, low-dose site-directed estrogen may provide a future approach for enhanced neuronal repair and functional recovery in SCI patients.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.