SynthesisLife sciences2020
Matrix metallopeptidase 9 as a host protein target of chloroquine and melatonin for immunoregulation in COVID-19: A network-based meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Life sciences, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
39 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 63 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) 3 and 9 as biomarkers of severity in COVID-19 patients.Scientific reports · 2022Trial
- Shenqi Granules Enhance Recovery from Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury by Downregulating MMP9 and ADH1C.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Dysregulation of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in Post-COVID-19 and IPF: Correlations with Systemic Inflammation and Endothelial Dysfunction.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Metabolomic Approach to Identify the Potential Metabolites from Alpinia malaccensis for Treating SARS-CoV-2 Infection.Biochemical genetics · 2025Article
- Article
- A mid‑pandemic night's dream: Melatonin, from harbinger of anti‑inflammation to mitochondrial savior in acute and long COVID‑19 (Review).International journal of molecular medicine · 2024Review
- Sex-specific differences in systemic immune responses in MIS-C children.Scientific reports · 2024Observational
- Elevated matrix metalloproteinase‑9 expression is associated with COVID‑19 severity: A meta‑analysis.Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2023Article
- Review
- Tissue Inhibitor of Matrix Metalloproteinases-1 (TIMP-1) and Pulmonary Involvement in COVID-19 Pneumonia.Biomolecules · 2023Article
- Potential usefulness of Mediterranean diet polyphenols against COVID-19-induced inflammation: a review of the current knowledge.Journal of physiology and biochemistry · 2023Review
- Role of Matrix Degradation, Oxidative Stress, Inflammation & Trace Elements in COVID-19 Patients: A Multivariate Study from India.Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB · 2023Article
- Article
- Classification and severity progression measure of COVID-19 patients using pairs of multi-omic factors.Journal of applied statistics · 2023Article
- In silico drug repurposing against SARS-CoV-2 using an integrative transcriptomic profiling approach: Hydrocortisone and Benzhydrocodone as potential drug candidates against COVID-19.Infection, genetics and evolution : journal of molecular epidemiology and evolutionary genetics in infectious diseases · 2022Article
- Mechanisms and clinical evidence to support melatonin's use in severe COVID-19 patients to lower mortality.Life sciences · 2022Review
- Intricate relationship between SARS-CoV-2-induced shedding and cytokine storm generation: A signaling inflammatory pathway augmenting COVID-19.Health sciences review (Oxford, England) · 2022Review
- Assessment of Immunological Effects of Low-Level Er: YAG Laser Radiation.Journal of lasers in medical sciences · 2022Article
- MMP-9/BDNF ratio predicts more severe COVID-19 outcomes.International journal of medical sciences · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
aimsThe molecular pathogenesis of COVID-19 is similar to other coronavirus (CoV) infections viz. severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in human. Due to scarcity of the suitable treatment strategy, the present study was undertaken to explore host protein(s) targeted by potent repurposed drug(s) in COVID-19. MATERIALS AND
methodsThe differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified from microarray data repository of SARS-CoV patient blood. The repurposed drugs for COVID-19 were selected from available literature. Using DEGs and drugs, the protein-protein interaction (PPI) and chemo-protein interaction (CPI) networks were constructed and combined to develop an interactome model of PPI-CPI network. The top-ranked sub-network with its hub-bottleneck nodes were evaluated with their functional annotations. KEY
findingsA total of 120 DEGs and 65 drugs were identified. The PPI-CPI network (118 nodes and 293 edges) exhibited a top-ranked sub-network (35 nodes and 174 connectivities) with 12 hub-bottleneck nodes having two drugs chloroquine and melatonin in association with 10 proteins corresponding to six upregulated and four downregulated genes. Two drugs interacted directly with the hub-bottleneck node i.e. matrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP9), a host protein corresponding to its upregulated gene. MMP9 showed functional annotations associated with neutrophil mediated immunoinflammation. Moreover, literature survey revealed that angiotensin converting enzyme 2, a membrane receptor of SARS-CoV-2 virus, might have functional cooperativity with MMP9 and a possible interaction with both drugs. SIGNIFICANCE: The present study reveals that between chloroquine and melatonin, melatonin appears to be more promising repurposed drug against MMP9 for better immunocompromisation in COVID-19.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.