ArticleThe journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences2021
The Effect of Diabetes on the Cognitive Trajectory of Older Adults in Mexico and the United States.
Article in The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 18 citations in OpenAlex.
- Aging with dual burdens: cross-national evidence on mortality among older Hispanic adults with diabetes and dementia.The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences · 2026Article
- Prevalence of dementia and mild cognitive impairment in the Mexican population: evidence from Mex-Cog, a harmonized cognitive assessment protocol study.The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences · 2026Article
- Diabetes and cognitive health in India: a nationally representative survey of adults aged 45 years and older.BMJ open · 2025Article
- Cohort Changes in Cognitive Function Among Mexican Older Adults from 2001 to 2021.The Gerontologist · 2025Article
- Article
- Spousal education and frailty levels among Chinese older adults: A national longitudinal study.SSM - population health · 2024Article
- 5. Facilitating Positive Health Behaviors and Well-being to Improve Health Outcomes: Standards of Care in Diabetes-2024.Diabetes care · 2024Review
- The Influence of Education and Occupation Type on Birth Cohort Differences in Cognitive Function of Mexican Older Adults.The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences · 2024Article
- Type II diabetes and cognitive function among older adults in India and China-results from Harmonized Cognitive Assessment Protocol studies.Frontiers in public health · 2024Article
- Differences in the Cognitive Function of Mexican Adults Aged 60 and Older with Self-Reported Diabetes in 2001 and 2018.Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD · 2023Article
- 5. Facilitating Positive Health Behaviors and Well-being to Improve Health Outcomes: Standards of Care in Diabetes-2023.Diabetes care · 2023Review
- Effect of Demographic and Health Dynamics on Cognitive Status in Mexico between 2001 and 2015: Evidence from the Mexican Health and Aging Study.Geriatrics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesTo study the impact of diabetes on the long-term cognitive trajectories of older adults in 2 countries with different socioeconomic and health settings, and to determine whether this relationship differs by cognitive domains. This study uses Mexico and the United States to confirm if patterns hold in both populations, as these countries have similar diabetes prevalence but different socioeconomic conditions and diabetes-related mortality.
methodsTwo nationally representative cohorts of adults aged 50 years or older are used: the Mexican Health and Aging Study for Mexico and the Health and Retirement Study for the United States, with sample sizes of 18,810 and 26,244 individuals, respectively, followed up for a period of 14 years. The outcome is cognition measured as a total composite score and by domain (memory and nonmemory). Mixed-effect linear models are used to test the effect of diabetes on cognition at 65 years old and over time in each country.
resultsDiabetes is associated with lower cognition and nonmemory scores at baseline and over time in both countries. In Mexico, diabetes only predicts lower memory scores over time, whereas in the United States it only predicts lower memory scores at baseline. Women have higher total cognition and memory scores than men in both studies. The magnitude of the effect of diabetes on cognition is similar in both countries. DISCUSSION: Despite the overall lower cognition in Mexico and different socioeconomic characteristics, the impact of diabetes on cognitive decline and the main risk and protective factors for poor cognition are similar in both countries.
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