Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32678866›Full record

Observational studyAge and ageing2021

Comparing associations between frailty and mortality in hospitalised older adults with or without COVID-19 infection: a retrospective observational study using electronic health records.

Rhiannon K Owen, Simon P Conroy, Nicholas Taub, Will Jones, Daniele Bryden, Manish Pareek, Christina Faull, Keith R Abrams, Daniel Davis, Jay Banerjee

Abstract readObservational Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Observational study in Age and ageing, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 62 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
62citing papers in PubMed, 7 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

62 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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  17. Long COVID and hypertension-related disorders: a report from the Japanese Society of Hypertension Project Team on COVID-19.Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension · 2023
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2 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Rhiannon K OwenHealth Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, Leicestershire, UK.
Simon P ConroyDepartment of Health Sciences, Centre for Medicine University of Leicester, University of Leicester School of Medicine, Leicester LE1 7HA, UK.
Nicholas TaubDepartment of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 6TP, UK.
Will JonesEmergency Department, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, UK.
Daniele BrydenCritical Care, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK.
Manish PareekCardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK.
Christina FaullHealth Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, Leicestershire, UK.
Keith R AbramsHealth Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, Leicestershire, UK.
Daniel DavisMRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing, University College London, London WC1B 5JU, UK.
Jay BanerjeeUniversity Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, UK.

Funding

Department of Health PDF-2015-08-102Wellcome Trust 107467/Z/15/Z
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe aim of this study was to describe outcomes in hospitalised older people with different levels of frailty and COVID-19 infection.

methodsWe undertook a single-centre, retrospective cohort study examining COVID-19-related mortality using electronic health records, for older people (65 and over) with frailty, hospitalised with or without COVID-19 infection. Baseline covariates included demographics, early warning scores, Charlson Comorbidity Indices and frailty (Clinical Frailty Scale, CFS), linked to COVID-19 status.

findingsWe analysed outcomes on 1,071 patients with COVID-19 test results (285 (27%) were positive for COVID-19). The mean age at ED arrival was 79.7 and 49.4% were female. All-cause mortality (by 30 days) rose from 9 (not frail) to 33% (severely frail) in the COVID-negative cohort but was around 60% for all frailty categories in the COVID-positive cohort. In adjusted analyses, the hazard ratio for death in those with COVID-19 compared to those without COVID-19 was 7.3 (95% CI: 3.00, 18.0) with age, comorbidities and illness severity making small additional contributions.

interpretationIn this study, frailty measured using the CFS appeared to make little incremental contribution to the hazard of dying in older people hospitalised with COVID-19 infection; illness severity and comorbidity had a modest association with the overall adjusted hazard of death, whereas confirmed COVID-19 infection dominated, with a sevenfold hazard for death.

Indexed as

COVID-19FrailtyGeriatric AssessmentHospital MortalityAgedComorbidityEarly Warning ScoreElectronic Health RecordsFemaleFrail ElderlyHospitalizationHumansMaleProportional Hazards ModelsRetrospective StudiesSARS-CoV-2cohort studyCOVID-19frailtyolder people

Identifiers

PMID32678866
PMCPMC7454252

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.