ArticleFamily process2020
A Mixed-method Study of Individual, Couple, and Parental Functioning During the State-regulated COVID-19 Lockdown in Spain.
Article in Family process, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 74 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
74 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 208 citations in OpenAlex.
- Couples and parenting dynamics during Covid-19 pandemic: A systematic review of the literature.PloS one · 2025Pooled it
- Love in the time of COVID-19: A systematic mapping review of empirical research on romantic relationships one year into the COVID-19 pandemic.Family process · 2022Pooled it
- Psychological impact of the quarantine during the COVID-19 pandemic on the general European adult population: a systematic review of the evidence.Epidemiology and psychiatric sciences · 2022Pooled it
- Stay-at-Home: The Impact of the COVID-19 Lockdown on Household Functioning and ART Adherence for People Living with HIV in Three Sub-districts of Cape Town, South Africa.AIDS and behavior · 2022Trial
- Burnout among COVID-19 hospital-based contact tracers in Singapore: results of a mixed-method, cross-sectional multicentre study.Singapore medical journal · 2025Article
- Disruption and inequity in work, family and mental health: a longitudinal study of Australian mothers before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Anxiety in hospitalised families: lessons from the early phase of the COVID-19 pandemic.Singapore medical journal · 2025Article
- Trajectories of relationship and sexual satisfaction over 2 years in the Covid-19 pandemic: A latent class analysis.Journal of personality · 2025Article
- Family Social Support Mediates the Relationship Between the COVID-19 Pandemic and Psychosocial well-being in a Cohort of Young South Africans Newly Diagnosed with HIV.AIDS and behavior · 2025Article
- Article
- The Association between Social Contact Frequency and Intimate Partner Violence among Patients with Comorbid Substance Use and Mental Health Disorders during COVID-19.Journal of aggression, maltreatment & trauma · 2025Article
- Analysis of losses in physiotherapy students during the COVID-19 pandemic: a phenomenological approach.BMC psychology · 2024Article
- Psychometric Validation of the Portuguese Obsession with COVID-19 Scale (PT-OCS).Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Article
- The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mood and family relationships of runners.Frontiers in psychology · 2024Article
- Learning from adversity: What the COVID-19 pandemic can teach us about family resiliency.Family process · 2023Article
- Relieving the Gambling Itch Through Alcohol Consumption: The Impact of COVID-19 Restrictions on Australian Casino Patrons.Journal of gambling studies · 2023Article
- Love under lockdown: How changes in time with partner impacted stress and relationship outcomes during the COVID-19 pandemic.Journal of social and personal relationships · 2023Article
- Mental health and sleep quality of low-income mothers of one-year-olds during the COVID-19 pandemic.Infant mental health journal · 2023Article
- Disparities in insecurity, social support, and family relationships in association with poor mental health among US adults during the COVID-19 pandemic.Scientific reports · 2023Article
14 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
During the recent COVID-19 outbreak in Spain, we explored the individual and relational well-being of people confined together with their partners and/or children during the first 3 weeks of state-regulated lockdown. Adults 18 years or older (N = 407) completed an online survey that included demographic, household, and employment information along with standardized measures of psychological distress (State-Trait Anxiety and Beck Depression) and relationship functioning-either the Dyadic Adjustment Scale if there were no children in the household or a Basic Family Relations Evaluation Questionnaire (CERFB) measuring conjugal, parental, and coparental functions. Qualitative analyses of responses to an open-ended question about perceived changes in couple or family dynamics during lockdown revealed nine specific themes comprising two overarching categories: relational improvement and deterioration. The overall prevalence of improvement themes (61.7%) exceeded deterioration themes (41.0%), with increased (re)connection and conflict atmosphere cited most often. Quantitative analyses found elevated levels of state anxiety but not trait anxiety or depression during lockdown. Consistent with the qualitative results, couples having no children at home reported high levels of dyadic adjustment, but with children present CERFB parental functioning exceeded conjugal functioning, a pattern sometimes associated with child triangulation into adult conflicts. Although correlates of psychological distress (e.g., unemployment, perceived economic risk) were relatively stable across subgroups, predictors of relationship functioning varied substantially with household/parental status (e.g., telecommuting and employment facilitated conjugal functioning only for couples with children).
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