ArticleScientific reports2020
Individually customized transcranial temporal interference stimulation for focused modulation of deep brain structures: a simulation study with different head models.
Article in Scientific reports, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 50 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
50 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Advances in the application of temporal interference stimulation: a scoping review.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2025Pooled it
- Can Transcranial Electrical Stimulation Facilitate Post-stroke Cognitive Rehabilitation? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciences · 2022Pooled it
- Effects of transcranial direct current stimulation on motor skills learning in healthy adults through the activation of different brain regions: A systematic review.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2022Pooled it
- Interindividual variability of electric fields during transcranial temporal interference stimulation (tTIS).Scientific reports · 2021Trial
- Suppression of visceral nociception by C-fiber transmission block using temporal interference sinusoidal stimulation.Pain reports · 2026Article
- Impact of brain anisotropy on transcranial temporal interference stimulation: numerical analysis toward reliable montage optimization.Biomedical engineering letters · 2026Article
- Temporal interference stimulation for deep brain neuromodulation in humans.Nature biomedical engineering · 2026Review
- Mapping the Global Trajectory and Key Trends of Temporal Interference Stimulation.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Traveling-wave transcranial alternating current stimulation (twtACS) causally links neural timing to cognitive function.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Temporal Interference Electrical Stimulation for Neuropsychiatric Disorders: Mechanisms, Applications, and Translational Perspectives.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- On the feasibility of temporal interference stimulation of human brains using two arrays of electrodes.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Transcutaneous interference spinal cord stimulation: leadfield-based pareto optimization of electrode montages for improved focality.Biomedical engineering letters · 2026Article
- Dry-printed electrodes for transcutaneous electrical stimulation of innervated muscles: Towards wearable and closed-loop stimulation.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation · 2025Article
- The same biophysical mechanism is involved in both temporal interference and direct kHz stimulation of peripheral nerves.Nature communications · 2025Article
- TI-Toolbox: An Open-Source Software for Temporal Interference Stimulation Research.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Layers of the monkey visual cortex are selectively modulated during electrical stimulation.PLoS biology · 2025Article
- On the need of individually optimizing temporal interference stimulation of human brains due to inter-individual variability.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Non-invasive Modulation of Deep Brain Nuclei by Temporal Interference Stimulation.Neuroscience bulletin · 2025Article
- [Quantitative analysis of transcranial temporal interference stimulation in rodents: A simulation study on electrode configurations].Sheng wu yi xue gong cheng xue za zhi = Journal of biomedical engineering = Shengwu yixue gongchengxue zazhi · 2025Article
- Recommendations for the Safe Application of Temporal Interference Stimulation in the Human Brain Part I: Principles of Electrical Neuromodulation and Adverse Effects.Bioelectromagnetics · 2025Review
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4 authors.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Temporal interference (TI) stimulation was recently proposed that allows for the stimulation of deep brain structures with neocortical regions being minimally stimulated. For human brain modulation, TI current patterns are known to be considerably affected by the complex structures of the human head, and thus, it is hard to deliver TI current to a specific deep brain region. In this study, we optimized scalp electrode configurations and injection currents that can deliver maximum TI stimulation currents to a specific deep brain region, the head of the right hippocampus in this study, considering the real anatomical head structures of each individual. Three realistic finite element (FE) head models were employed for the optimization of TI stimulation. To generate TI current patterns, two pairs of scalp electrodes were selected, which carry two sinusoidally alternating currents with a small frequency difference. For every possible combination of electrode pairs, optimal injection currents delivering the maximal TI currents to the head of the right hippocampus were determined. The distribution of the optimized TI currents was then compared with that of the unoptimized TI currents and the conventional single frequency alternating current stimulation. Optimization of TI stimulation parameters allows for the delivery of the desired amount of TI current to the target region while effectively reducing the TI currents delivered to cortical regions compared to the other stimulation approaches. Inconsistency of the optimal stimulation conditions suggest that customized stimulation, considering the individual anatomical differences, is necessary for more effective transcranial TI stimulation. Customized transcranial TI stimulation based on the numerical field analysis is expected to enhance the overall effectiveness of noninvasive stimulation of the human deep brain structures.
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