Trial reportBMC cancer2020
A prospective, randomized study of Toremifene vs. tamoxifen for the treatment of premenopausal breast cancer: safety and genital symptom analysis.
Trial report in BMC cancer, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02344940 (Safety of Toremifene and Tamoxifen Therapy in Premenopausal Patients With Operable Breast Cancer), which is not on this map. Cited by 13 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Safety of Toremifene and Tamoxifen Therapy in Premenopausal Patients With Operable Breast Cancer: A Randomized, Controlled, Prospective, Observational Study
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- Study on the expression of p53, PTEN, and p16 in endometrial polyps of breast cancer patients receiving endocrine therapy: a comparative study of immunohistochemistry.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Article
- Advancements and limitations in traditional anti-cancer therapies: a comprehensive review of surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and hormonal therapy.Discover oncology · 2025Review
- Analysis of the Main Directions in the Development of Mono and Combination Pharmacotherapy Acting on Hormonal Signaling Pathways of Breast Cancer According to the FDA Databases and Clinicaltrials.gov.Current medicinal chemistry · 2025Review
- Rebalancing immunity: The emerging role of selective estrogen receptor modulators in immunity and autoimmunity.Current trends in immunology · 2025Article
- Novel Treatment Strategies for Hormone Receptor (HR)-Positive, HER2-Negative Metastatic Breast Cancer.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Review
- Review
- Estrogen Receptor Signaling in Breast Cancer.Cancers · 2023Review
- High-Throughput Screening of the Repurposing Hub Library to Identify Drugs with Novel Inhibitory Activity againstJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- An emerging generation of endocrine therapies in breast cancer: a clinical perspective.NPJ breast cancer · 2023Review
- A review of FDA approved drugs and their formulations for the treatment of breast cancer.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2023Review
- The Employment of GeneraNutrients · 2022Review
- Incident Type 2 Diabetes Risk of Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators in Female Patients with Breast Cancer.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Effects of Tamoxifen vs. Toremifene on fatty liver development and lipid profiles in breast Cancer.BMC cancer · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundToremifene (TOR) is a selective oestrogen receptor modulator (SERM) and has comparable efficacy to that of tamoxifen (TAM) in breast cancer patients. Herein, we compared the safety of TOR to that of TAM in the adjuvant treatment of premenopausal breast cancer.
methodsThis was a prospective randomized and open-label clinical study. Premenopausal patients with hormonal receptor (HR)-positive early breast cancer were randomly assigned (1:1) to receive TOR) or TAM treatment. The follow-up period was 1 year. The primary end point was the incidence of ovarian cysts, and secondary end points were the incidence of endometrial thickening, changes in female hormones, the incidence of fatty liver, changes in the modified Kupperman index (mKMI) and changes in quality of life.
resultsThere were 92 patients in the final analysis. The incidences of ovarian cysts were 42.6% in the TOR group and 51.1% in the TAM group (p = 0.441). Forty-one patients (87.2%) in the TOR group and 36 patients (80.0%) in the TAM group experienced endometrial thickening (p = 0.348). The proportions of patients with fatty liver were 31.9% in the TOR group and 26.7% in the TAM group (p = 0.581). No significant differences in the mKMI or quality of life were observed between the two groups.
conclusionsTOR and TAM have similar side effects on the female genital system and quality of life in premenopausal early breast cancer patients.
trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov NCT02344940. Registered 26 January 2015 (retrospectively registered).
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.