ReviewTranslational lung cancer research2020
Significance of tumor spread through air spaces (STAS) in lung cancer from the pathologist perspective.
Review in Translational lung cancer research, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Diagnostic performance of radiomics analysis for pulmonary cancer airway spread: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Diagnostic and interventional radiology (Ankara, Turkey) · 2025Pooled it
- Could less be enough: sublobar resection vs lobectomy for clinical stage IA non-small cell lung cancer patients with visceral pleural invasion or spread through air spaces.International journal of surgery (London, England) · 2025Pooled it
- Comparison of lobectomy and sublobar resection for stage I non-small cell lung cancer: a meta-analysis based on randomized controlled trials.Frontiers in oncology · 2023Pooled it
- Evaluation of surgical approaches to segmentectomy in lung cancer: A survey study.Turk gogus kalp damar cerrahisi dergisi · 2026Article
- Clinicopathological Significance of Extra-Alveolar Invasion in Lung Adenocarcinomas Treated With Sublobar Resection.Pathology international · 2026Article
- CLDN18.2 expression identifies a gastric-type phenotype and a potential therapeutic target in pulmonary invasive mucinous adenocarcinoma.Diagnostic pathology · 2026Article
- Spread through air spaces as an independent prognostic factor in resected lung adenocarcinoma: the role of resection type.World journal of surgical oncology · 2026Article
- Observational
- STAS More than a Prognostic Marker-An Evolving Factor in Operative and Adjuvant Treatment Decisions in Early-Stage NSCLC.Cancers · 2026Review
- Preoperative Prediction of Spread Through Air Spaces in Lung Cancer UsingDiagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Spread Through Air Spaces in Colorectal Lung Metastases Signals Local Recurrenece and Reflects Morphologic Aggressiveness of the Primary Tumor.Pathology international · 2026Article
- Factors predicting spread through air spaces (STAS) preoperative for T1a-b non-small cell lung cancer.Discover oncology · 2026Review
- Impact of robotic and non-robotic approach on spread through air spaces in early-stage lung cancer.Journal of robotic surgery · 2025Article
- Prognostic significance of tumor spread through air spaces and lymphovascular invasion in stage I non-small cell lung cancer: implications for adjuvant chemotherapy.World journal of surgical oncology · 2025Article
- CT feature-based nomogram for predicting tumor spread through air spaces in stage IA lung adenocarcinoma.Cancer imaging : the official publication of the International Cancer Imaging Society · 2025Article
- Stereotactic body radiotherapy for early‑stage non‑small cell lung cancer: Comprehensive analysis of outcomes and recurrence from a single‑center experience.Oncology letters · 2025Article
- IASLC grading system predicts distant metastases for resected lung adenocarcinoma.Journal of clinical pathology · 2025Article
- Deep learning model for predicting spread through air spaces of lung adenocarcinoma based on transfer learning mechanism.Translational lung cancer research · 2025Article
- Impact of the distance of spread through air spaces in non-small cell lung cancer.Interdisciplinary cardiovascular and thoracic surgery · 2024Article
- Performing High-Quality Sublobar Resections: Key Differences Between Wedge Resection and Segmentectomy.Cancers · 2024Review
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Authors and funding
1 author.
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Abstract
Airspace invasion in lung cancer has been known over the last 30 years, but it was only recently that WHO 2015 formally recognized it as a mechanism of invasion with the terminology of tumor spread through air spaces (STAS). Multiple studies have shown the association of STAS with lower survival and suggest that STAS is an independent prognostic factor across lung adenocarcinoma of all stages and in other histologic subtypes of lung cancer as well. Consequently, STAS is designated as an exclusion criterion of adenocarcinoma in situ and minimally invasive adenocarcinoma; thus, the presence of STAS impacts the diagnosis and staging of lung adenocarcinoma. Further, wedge resection and segmentectomy have been increasingly applied for small node negative tumors and the presence of STAS in those specimens may indicate the requirement of completion lobectomy. Given these significant clinical implications, we, pathologists, need to recognize and appropriately report STAS (possibly including at the time of intraoperative consultation). However, emerging data suggests that more work should be done to improve consensus and identification of STAS, including at frozen section. In this review, the evolution of our understanding of airspace invasion over the past decade, the clinical significance of STAS, and controversies and practical issues associated with the diagnosis of STAS are discussed.
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