ArticleScience (New York, N.Y.)2020
Cancer cells deploy lipocalin-2 to collect limiting iron in leptomeningeal metastasis.
Article in Science (New York, N.Y.), 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 211 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
211 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 319 citations in OpenAlex.
- Interaction of HIF-1a with various cell death pathways in tumor immune microenvironment (TIME).Apoptosis : an international journal on programmed cell death · 2026Pooled it
- Intrathecal Allogeneic B7-H3-Targeted CAR γδ T Cells for Leptomeningeal Metastasis from Solid Tumors: Safety, Efficacy, and Immunologic Dynamics in a Phase I Trial.Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2026Article
- Article
- Inhibition of the lipocalin-2-phosphatidylserine axis restores natural killer cell immune surveillance.Cell reports. Medicine · 2026Article
- An iron logic unites bacterial and cancer persister cells.Nature reviews. Molecular cell biology · 2026Article
- Lipocalin 2 promotes papillary thyroid cancer progression through activation of glycolysis via Hippo/YAP1/HIF1α axis.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2026Article
- Intrathecal nivolumab in metastatic solid tumors with leptomeningeal disease: dose escalation part of the multicenter IT-PD1/NOA-26 phase 1 trial.Nature cancer · 2026Article
- Advances in cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers for the diagnosis, treatment and monitoring of leptomeningeal metastases (Review).Oncology letters · 2026Review
- Pan-cancer analysis of spatial transcriptomics reveals heterogeneous tumor spatial microenvironment.Cell reports. Medicine · 2026Article
- Leptomeningeal metastatic cancer cells induce a permissive choroid plexus vasculature through extracellular-vesicle-derived 5-HIAA signaling.Nature cancer · 2026Article
- Tumor-Associated Macrophages (TAMs) in Cancer: Functional Programs, Metastatic Mechanisms, and Therapeutic Targeting.Cancers · 2026Review
- Single-cell profiling reveals distinct populations of tumor-associated macrophages and metastatic tumor cells in breast cancer brain metastasis.Cell death & disease · 2026Article
- Apoptotic BMSCs reduce grafted islets apoptosis through the holo-Lcn2/Slc22a17/FeStem cell research & therapy · 2026Article
- Meningeal immune convergence: IFN-γ-driven DC-NK axis suppresses leptomeningeal tumor.Journal of the National Cancer Center · 2026Article
- Microengineering the Liver: Strategies for Constructing Functional Liver-on-a-Chip Devices.Exploration (Beijing, China) · 2026Review
- Overcoming the leptomeningeal seeding of medulloblastoma by targeting HSP70.Translational oncology · 2026Article
- LCN2-ACOD1 Signalling Affects the Post-Injury Regeneration of Skeletal Muscle Through Mediating Ferroptosis.Cell proliferation · 2026Article
- Molecular mechanisms of inhalable iron-containing particles driving lung carcinogenesis through theTranslational cancer research · 2026Article
- Cellular landscape and diagnostic value of TROP2 in cerebrospinal fluid of lung adenocarcinoma leptomeningeal metastases.NPJ precision oncology · 2026Article
- Lipocalin 2 orchestrates resistance to ferroptosis via AXL.Cell reports · 2026Article
151 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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14 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
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Abstract
The tumor microenvironment plays a critical regulatory role in cancer progression, especially in central nervous system metastases. Cancer cells within the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)-filled leptomeninges face substantial microenvironmental challenges, including inflammation and sparse micronutrients. To investigate the mechanism by which cancer cells in these leptomeningeal metastases (LM) overcome these constraints, we subjected CSF from five patients with LM to single-cell RNA sequencing. We found that cancer cells, but not macrophages, within the CSF express the iron-binding protein lipocalin-2 (LCN2) and its receptor SCL22A17. These macrophages generate inflammatory cytokines that induce cancer cell LCN2 expression but do not generate LCN2 themselves. In mouse models of LM, cancer cell growth is supported by the LCN2/SLC22A17 system and is inhibited by iron chelation therapy. Thus, cancer cells appear to survive in the CSF by outcompeting macrophages for iron.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.