ArticleClinical medicine (London, England)2020
Clinical presentation and diagnosis of multiple sclerosis.
Article in Clinical medicine (London, England), 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 109 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
109 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Natalizumab and Tyruko (natalizumab biosimilar) for treating highly active relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis after at least one disease-modifying therapy: a systematic review and economic model.Health technology assessment (Winchester, England) · 2026Pooled it
- Effects of Sphingosine 1-phosphate Modulators on Central Remyelination: A Systematic Review of Animal Models.Cellular and molecular neurobiology · 2026Pooled it
- Comparative efficacy and safety of ocrelizumab in relapsing-remitting and primary progressive multiple sclerosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC neurology · 2025Pooled it
- Osteopontin as a diagnostic and NTZ-response biomarker of multiple sclerosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Pooled it
- Effect of Music Based Therapy Rhythmic Auditory Stimulation (RAS) Using Wearable Device in Rehabilitation of Neurological Patients: A Systematic Review.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Pooled it
- Evaluating efficacy and safety of ocrelizumab biosimilar (Xacrel) compared to the originator (Ocrevus) in relapsing multiple sclerosis: a phase III, randomized, equivalency, clinical trial.Scientific reports · 2024Trial
- Unlocking the healing power of Berberine: A promising aid for multiple sclerosis.IBRO neuroscience reports · 2026Review
- Integrative multicohort analysis reveals consistent sex differences in gut microbiota of multiple sclerosis patients.mSystems · 2026Article
- Elevated Corpus Callosum T1rho Reflects Disease Burden and Structural Atrophy in Multiple Sclerosis.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Phenotypic Diversity in Multiple Sclerosis Can Be Represented by Four Additive Symptom Modules.Brain sciences · 2026Article
- Sexual dimorphism in the colonic microbiome and host's transcriptomics profiles of a murine model of multiple sclerosis.Clinical immunology communications · 2026Article
- Neurodegenerative and inflammatory biomarkers are detectable in saliva in multiple sclerosis.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Neuropilins in Multiple Sclerosis: Dual Roles of NRP-1 in Neuroinflammation and Neuroprotection.Neuromolecular medicine · 2026Review
- Ketogenic diet as a therapeutic strategy for neurodegenerative diseases: from mechanisms to translational challenges.Translational neurodegeneration · 2026Review
- Note-Level Phenotyping of Multiple-Sclerosis Notes by a Large Language Model Achieves near Human-Level Agreement.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Role of Caveolin-1 in Inflammation: Genetic Predisposition and Potential Implication for Multiple Sclerosis.Genes · 2026Review
- Article
- Insights and challenges on animal models for progressive multiple sclerosis.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2026Review
- Disparities in imaging and management of multiple sclerosis: a review.The British journal of radiology · 2026Review
- Circulating Proinflammatory Cytokines and Soluble Cytokine Receptors as Diagnostic Biomarkers in Multiple Sclerosis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
49 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
1 author.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The diagnosis of multiple sclerosis (MS) is through clinical assessment and supported by investigations. There is no single accurate and reliable diagnostic test. MS is a disease of young adults with a female predominance. There are characteristic clinical presentations based on the areas of the central nervous system involved, for example optic nerve, brainstem and spinal cord. The main pattern of MS at onset is relapsing-remitting with clinical attacks of neurological dysfunction lasting at least 24 hours. The differential diagnosis includes other inflammatory central nervous system disorders. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain and lumbar puncture are the key investigations. New diagnostic criteria have been developed to allow an earlier diagnosis and thus access to effective disease modifying treatments.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.